Pierluigi FURCOLO | HYDROLOGY

cod. 0622500014

HYDROLOGY

	0622500014
	DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
	EQF7
	ENVIRONMENTAL AND TERRITORIAL ENGINEERING
	2024/2025

CURRICULUM SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF RISKS AND NATURAL RESOURCES

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 1
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2022
	SPRING SEMESTER

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	ICAR/02	6	60	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

	Objectives
	GENERAL OBJECTIVE THE TEACHING AIMS TO DEVELOP AND DEEPEN THE KNOWLEDGE NECESSARY FOR THE CORRECT EVALUATION OF WATER RESOURCES AND HYDRAULIC RISK IN THE AREA. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE STUDENT WILL ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE AND MASTERY OF THE PRINCIPLES OF HYDROLOGY, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE PROCESSES THAT GOVERN THE WATER CYCLE AT A BASIN SCALE, THROUGH THE STUDY AND UNDERSTANDING OF TEXTBOOKS, SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS AND APPLICATION EXAMPLES RELATING TO CASE STUDIES. ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING TO PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF HYDROLOGICAL QUANTITIES OF INTEREST FOR THE SIZING OF WATER SYSTEMS, IN ORDER TO SOLVE ENGINEERING PROBLEMS TYPICAL OF HYDRAULIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, FOLLOWING APPROACHES MULTIDISCIPLINARY THAT CAN BE BOTH CONSOLIDATED AND INNOVATIVE. AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO COLLECT AND INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF HYDROLOGICAL MODELING, AND TO WORK EVEN IN THE PRESENCE OF LIMITED INFORMATION, IN ORDER TO PRODUCE JUDGMENTS NOT ONLY OF A TECHNICAL NATURE BUT ALSO OF A SOCIAL AND ETHICAL NATURE RELATED TO THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE . COMMUNICATION SKILLS THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO WORK IN A GROUP AND EXPLAIN, WITH APPROPRIATE TECHNICAL LANGUAGE AND ADEQUATE FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE INTERLOCUTOR, AS WELL AS WITH ADEQUATE GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION, TOPICS RELATING TO THE ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES, ALSO INTEGRATING ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE IN OTHER DISCIPLINES. LEARNING ABILITY THE STUDENT WILL CONSOLIDATE THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS ACQUIRED, AND WILL DEVELOP THE ABILITY TO CONTINUE STUDYING HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS METHODS IN A SELF-DIRECTED OR AUTONOMOUS WAY IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO TACKLE DIFFERENT DESIGN PROBLEMS, BOTH IN TERMS OF TYPOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT, COMPARED TO THE EXAMPLES DEVELOPED DURING THE STUDIES.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE
THE TEACHING AIMS TO DEVELOP AND DEEPEN THE KNOWLEDGE NECESSARY FOR THE CORRECT EVALUATION OF WATER RESOURCES AND HYDRAULIC RISK IN THE AREA.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
THE STUDENT WILL ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE AND MASTERY OF THE PRINCIPLES OF HYDROLOGY, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE PROCESSES THAT GOVERN THE WATER CYCLE AT A BASIN SCALE, THROUGH THE STUDY AND UNDERSTANDING OF TEXTBOOKS, SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS AND APPLICATION EXAMPLES RELATING TO CASE STUDIES.

ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING TO PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF HYDROLOGICAL QUANTITIES OF INTEREST FOR THE SIZING OF WATER SYSTEMS, IN ORDER TO SOLVE ENGINEERING PROBLEMS TYPICAL OF HYDRAULIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, FOLLOWING APPROACHES MULTIDISCIPLINARY THAT CAN BE BOTH CONSOLIDATED AND INNOVATIVE.

AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO COLLECT AND INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF HYDROLOGICAL MODELING, AND TO WORK EVEN IN THE PRESENCE OF LIMITED INFORMATION, IN ORDER TO PRODUCE JUDGMENTS NOT ONLY OF A TECHNICAL NATURE BUT ALSO OF A SOCIAL AND ETHICAL NATURE RELATED TO THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE .

COMMUNICATION SKILLS
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO WORK IN A GROUP AND EXPLAIN, WITH APPROPRIATE TECHNICAL LANGUAGE AND ADEQUATE FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE INTERLOCUTOR, AS WELL AS WITH ADEQUATE GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION, TOPICS RELATING TO THE ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES, ALSO INTEGRATING ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE IN OTHER DISCIPLINES.

LEARNING ABILITY
THE STUDENT WILL CONSOLIDATE THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS ACQUIRED, AND WILL DEVELOP THE ABILITY TO CONTINUE STUDYING HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS METHODS IN A SELF-DIRECTED OR AUTONOMOUS WAY IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO TACKLE DIFFERENT DESIGN PROBLEMS, BOTH IN TERMS OF TYPOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT, COMPARED TO THE EXAMPLES DEVELOPED DURING THE STUDIES.

	Prerequisites
	THE COURSE PRESUPPOSES AN ADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC PHYSICS AND HYDRAULICS AND THAT THE STUDENT CAN CARRY OUT SIMPLE GRAPHIC OPERATIONS IN A CAD OR GIS ENVIRONMENT. NO PROPEEDEUDICITY.

	Contents
	INTRODUCTION TO HYDROLOGY. THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE ON A GLOBAL SCALE, MAIN PHENOMENA, MASS AND ENERGY BALANCE, ELEMENTS OF METEOROLOGY, MAIN HYDROLOGICAL QUANTITIES AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES. (7 HOURS LESSON) DELIMITATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A RIVER BASIN ASSIGNED THE CLOSURE SECTION, WATERSHED LINE, HYPSOGRAPHIC CURVE, AVERAGE ELEVATION AND AVERAGE SLOPE OF THE BASIN, PROFILE OF THE MAIN RIVER, BENSON AND TAYLOR AVERAGE SLOPES, HIERARCHIZATION OF THE RIVER NETWORK, WIDTH FUNCTION. (5 HOURS LESSON, 3 HOURS EXERCISE) THE PRECIPITATION PROCESS. PHYSICAL PHENOMENA, SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESS, SAMPLING (MEASUREMENTS) IN TIME AND SPACE, PRECIPITATION INTENSITY, EVALUATION OF THE PRECIPITATION VOLUME ON AN ASSIGNED SPATIAL REGION IN AN ASSIGNED TIME, THIESSEN POLYGONS METHOD AND OTHER DETERMINISTIC METHODS FOR IN TERPOLATION OF PRECIPITATIONS IN SPACE. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE) BASIN LOSSES: DEFINITION OF POTENTIAL AND ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. THORNTHWAITE METHOD FOR CALCULATING POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND SIMPLIFIED SOIL BALANCE FOR ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. TURC METHOD FOR REAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. (5 HOURS LESSON, 3 HOURS PRACTICE) THE HYDROLOGICAL BALANCE MODEL OF THE BASIN, IMPERVIOUS BASIN MODEL (2 HOUR LESSON) PROBLEMS OF EXPLOITATION OF SURFACE WATER RESOURCES - OUTFLOW AND COMPENSATION PLANTS, SEASONAL AND MULTI-YEAR COMPENSATION, HYDROLOGICAL LIMIT OF EXPLOITATION OF THE RESOURCE. FUNCTIONALITY OF THE SYSTEMS, DEFINITION OF THE MAXIMUM DELIVERY, CURVE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ADJUSTING OUTFLOWS. (3 HOURS LESSON, 2 HOURS EXERCISE) - ENERGY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: SINGLE OR DOUBLE TANK SYSTEMS AND RUN-OF-RIVER SYSTEMS. CHARACTERIZATION OF A RUN-OF-RIVER SYSTEM: DURATION CURVE OF FLOW RATES, TIE RODS, POWERS, ELECTRICAL PRODUCIBILITY. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR PRACTICE) RANDOMITY OF METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA, PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CAPTION SYSTEMS, DEFINITION OF RETURN PERIOD AND CUMULATIVE RISK. USE OF ADJUSTMENT POSSIBILITY CURVES FOR THE DESIGN AND VERIFICATION OF TANK SYSTEMS (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOURS EXERCISE) WATER DEFENSE PROBLEMS, ASSESSMENT OF HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES. - LAWS OF POINT AND AREAL RAINFALL PROBABILITY, DEFINITIONS AND BASIC ASSUMPTIONS. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE) - FLOOD FORMATION: HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES AT SLIDE SCALE, EFFECTIVE RAIN, HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES AT BASIN SCALE. STATIONARY LINEAR MODELS OF EFFECTIVE INFLOW-OUTPUT TRANSFORMATION, THE INSTANTANEOUS UNITY HYDROGRAM (IUH), CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF IUH: CORRIVATION, LINEAR RESERVOIR, NASH. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE) - MODELS FOR THE EXTREME VALUES OF RIVER FLOWS, THE VAPI MODEL FOR CAMPANIA: FIRST AND SECOND LEVELS OF REGIONALISATION, LAW OF GROWTH WITH THE RETURN PERIOD; THIRD LEVEL OF REGIONALISATION: AREAL RAINFALL PROBABILITY LAWS, GEOMORPHOCLIMATIC MODEL FOR THE FULL INDEX. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE)

Contents

INTRODUCTION TO HYDROLOGY. THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE ON A GLOBAL SCALE, MAIN PHENOMENA, MASS AND ENERGY BALANCE, ELEMENTS OF METEOROLOGY, MAIN HYDROLOGICAL QUANTITIES AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES. (7 HOURS LESSON)

DELIMITATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A RIVER BASIN ASSIGNED THE CLOSURE SECTION, WATERSHED LINE, HYPSOGRAPHIC CURVE, AVERAGE ELEVATION AND AVERAGE SLOPE OF THE BASIN, PROFILE OF THE MAIN RIVER, BENSON AND TAYLOR AVERAGE SLOPES, HIERARCHIZATION OF THE RIVER NETWORK, WIDTH FUNCTION. (5 HOURS LESSON, 3 HOURS EXERCISE)

THE PRECIPITATION PROCESS. PHYSICAL PHENOMENA, SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESS, SAMPLING (MEASUREMENTS) IN TIME AND SPACE, PRECIPITATION INTENSITY, EVALUATION OF THE PRECIPITATION VOLUME ON AN ASSIGNED SPATIAL REGION IN AN ASSIGNED TIME, THIESSEN POLYGONS METHOD AND OTHER DETERMINISTIC METHODS FOR IN TERPOLATION OF PRECIPITATIONS IN SPACE. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE)

BASIN LOSSES: DEFINITION OF POTENTIAL AND ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. THORNTHWAITE METHOD FOR CALCULATING POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND SIMPLIFIED SOIL BALANCE FOR ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. TURC METHOD FOR REAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. (5 HOURS LESSON, 3 HOURS PRACTICE)

THE HYDROLOGICAL BALANCE MODEL OF THE BASIN, IMPERVIOUS BASIN MODEL (2 HOUR LESSON)

PROBLEMS OF EXPLOITATION OF SURFACE WATER RESOURCES
- OUTFLOW AND COMPENSATION PLANTS, SEASONAL AND MULTI-YEAR COMPENSATION, HYDROLOGICAL LIMIT OF EXPLOITATION OF THE RESOURCE. FUNCTIONALITY OF THE SYSTEMS, DEFINITION OF THE MAXIMUM DELIVERY, CURVE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ADJUSTING OUTFLOWS. (3 HOURS LESSON, 2 HOURS EXERCISE)
- ENERGY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: SINGLE OR DOUBLE TANK SYSTEMS AND RUN-OF-RIVER SYSTEMS. CHARACTERIZATION OF A RUN-OF-RIVER SYSTEM: DURATION CURVE OF FLOW RATES, TIE RODS, POWERS, ELECTRICAL PRODUCIBILITY. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR PRACTICE)

RANDOMITY OF METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA, PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CAPTION SYSTEMS, DEFINITION OF RETURN PERIOD AND CUMULATIVE RISK. USE OF ADJUSTMENT POSSIBILITY CURVES FOR THE DESIGN AND VERIFICATION OF TANK SYSTEMS (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOURS EXERCISE)

WATER DEFENSE PROBLEMS, ASSESSMENT OF HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES.
- LAWS OF POINT AND AREAL RAINFALL PROBABILITY, DEFINITIONS AND BASIC ASSUMPTIONS. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE)
- FLOOD FORMATION: HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES AT SLIDE SCALE, EFFECTIVE RAIN, HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES AT BASIN SCALE. STATIONARY LINEAR MODELS OF EFFECTIVE INFLOW-OUTPUT TRANSFORMATION, THE INSTANTANEOUS UNITY HYDROGRAM (IUH), CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF IUH: CORRIVATION, LINEAR RESERVOIR, NASH. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE)

- MODELS FOR THE EXTREME VALUES OF RIVER FLOWS, THE VAPI MODEL FOR CAMPANIA: FIRST AND SECOND LEVELS OF REGIONALISATION, LAW OF GROWTH WITH THE RETURN PERIOD; THIRD LEVEL OF REGIONALISATION: AREAL RAINFALL PROBABILITY LAWS, GEOMORPHOCLIMATIC MODEL FOR THE FULL INDEX. (4 HOURS LESSON, 1 HOUR EXERCISE)

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE IS COMPOSED BY LESSONS (45H), AND CLASS EXERCISES (15H). THE EXERCISES ARE MEANT TO DEVELOP THE ABILITY OF APPLYING THE THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE TO PRACTICAL PROBLEMS. EACH STUDENT SHALL PRODUCE A TECHNICAL REPORT DURING THE COURSE, THAT WILL BE DISCUSSED DURING THE LESSONS AS WELL AS DURING THE TUTORING HOURS. THE ATTENDANCE IS NOT MANDATORY YET STRONGLY SUGGESTED

	Verification of learning
	PRESENTATION OF THE HOMEWORK AND ORAL EXAM THE STUDENT WILL BE REQUIRED TO KNOW AND BE ABLE TO HANDLE THE METHODS AND MODELS USED IN THE EXERCISES. THE ABILITY OF USING THE CONCEPTS OF THE SUBJECT TO SOLVE NEW PROBLEMS WILL BE ALSO EVALUATED FOR THE ‘CUM LAUDE’ GRADE, WILL BE CONSIDERED: QUALITY OF PRESENTATION ABILITY OF CROSS CORRELATION AMONG THE TOPICS OF THE CLASS AND OTHER SUBJECTS AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT.

Verification of learning

PRESENTATION OF THE HOMEWORK AND ORAL EXAM
THE STUDENT WILL BE REQUIRED TO KNOW AND BE ABLE TO HANDLE THE METHODS AND MODELS USED IN THE EXERCISES. THE ABILITY OF USING THE CONCEPTS OF THE SUBJECT TO SOLVE NEW PROBLEMS WILL BE ALSO EVALUATED
FOR THE ‘CUM LAUDE’ GRADE, WILL BE CONSIDERED:
QUALITY OF PRESENTATION
ABILITY OF CROSS CORRELATION AMONG THE TOPICS OF THE CLASS AND OTHER SUBJECTS
AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT.

	Texts
	U. MOISELLO, IDROLOGIA TECNICA, LA GOLIARDICA PAVESE CHOW-MAIDMENT, APPLYED HYDROLOGY LECTURE NOTES (ON THE TEACHER'S WEB SITE)

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Pierluigi FURCOLO | HYDROLOGY

HYDROLOGY

CURRICULUM SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF RISKS AND NATURAL RESOURCES

TEACHING UNITS

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Pierluigi FURCOLO | HYDROLOGY