Alberto POSTIGLIONE | APPLICAZIONI INFORMATICHE SUL WEB
Alberto POSTIGLIONE APPLICAZIONI INFORMATICHE SUL WEB
cod. 0323000030
APPLICAZIONI INFORMATICHE SUL WEB
| 0323000030 | |
| DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE POLITICHE E DELLA COMUNICAZIONE | |
| EQF7 | |
| LANGUAGE AND AUDIOVISUAL COMMUNICATION THEORY | |
| 2016/2017 |
| OBBLIGATORIO | |
| YEAR OF COURSE 2 | |
| YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2011 | |
| SECONDO SEMESTRE |
| SSD | CFU | HOURS | ACTIVITY | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INF/01 | 6 | 40 | LESSONS |
| Objectives | |
|---|---|
| THE THEORY OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS WAS BORN FROM THE NEED TO STUDY THE DYNAMICS OF THE PHENOMENA THAT SURROUND US, WHICH ARE DIFFICULT TO ANALYZE WITH THE TOOLS OF CLASSICAL SCIENCE, AND THE BELIEF THAT BENEATH THE COMPLEXITY OF THE REAL WORLD IS HIDDEN AN ORDER THAT CAN NOT BE EXPLORED WITH THE METHODS OF REDUCTIONIST SCIENCE. IT IS INHERENTLY MULTI-DISCIPLINARY AND HAS CONTRIBUTIONS FROM PHYSICISTS, MATHEMATICIANS, COMPUTER SCIENTISTS, BIOLOGISTS, PHILOSOPHERS, HUMANISTS, ECONOMISTS, MANAGEMENT THEORISTS AND OTHERS. A COMPLEX SYSTEM IS A SET OF MANY ELEMENTARY COMPONENTS THAT INTERACT STRONGLY WITH EACH OTHER IN A NONLINEAR FASHION (THE WHOLE IS MORE THAN THE SUM OF THE PARTS). THESE ELEMENTS GENERALLY TEND TO SPONTANEOUSLY SELF-ORGANIZE INTO A HIERARCHICAL MANNER AND TO EVOLVE BY ADAPTING TO THE ENVIRONMENT (A PILE OF SAND IS NOT A COMPLEX SYSTEM, WHILE A SCHOOL OF FISH OR A SOCIAL NETWORK ARE). IN PRACTICE, ALL (OR ALMOST) EVERYTHING AROUND US IS COMPLEX. THE SCIENCE OF COMPLEXITY USE TOOLS AND METHODS OF THE SIMULATION BECAUSE THE COMPLEX SYSTEMS ARE DIFFICULT TO ANALYZE WITH THE TOOLS OF MATHEMATICS. DURING SIMULATION, ASSIGNING SPECIFIC RULES TO THE ACTORS AND THEIR INTERACTIONS AND THEN YOU LOOK AT THE PROPERTIES THAT ARE OUT AT THE LEVEL OF THE WHOLE SOCIETY. THE FIRST OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE IS TO INVESTIGATE THE WORLD OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS BY ANALYZING SOME PARTICULAR CASES, SUCH AS THE INTERNET SYSTEM AND THE WORLD OF SOCIAL NETWORKS. ANOTHER OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE IS TO VERIFY THE USEFULNESS OF COMPUTER USE TO EXPLORE SOCIAL PROCESSES THROUGH MODELING AND COMPUTER SIMULATION. IN PARTICULAR WE WILL ANALYZE THE EMERGENT PROPERTIES OF INTERACTIONS OF AGENTS IN A COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT, AND HOW SUCH PROPERTIES TEND TO BE OF A COOPERATIVE NATURE. WILL THEN BE INTRODUCED MODELS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF MARKET DYNAMICS AND THE FORMATION OF ALLIANCES IN CONFLICT ENVIRONMENT. |
| Prerequisites | |
|---|---|
| BASIC CONCEPTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (COMPONENTS AND STRUCTURE OF A COMPUTER, TYPES OF COMPUTER - DIGITAL REPRESENTATION OF INFORMATION - DIGITAL REPRESENTATION OF MULTIMEDIA DATA - HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE OF A COMPUTER - SOFTWARE & OPERATING SYSTEMS - COMPUTER NETWORKS). CONCEPTS AND BASIC TECHNIQUES OF PROGRAMMING IN A HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE. |
| Contents | |
|---|---|
| IN THE FIRST PART OF THE COURSE WILL BE ANALYZED THE MAIN FEATURES OF ANY COMPLEX SYSTEM, NAMELY: NON-LINEAR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS - THE NETWORK STRUCTURE OF THE PROCESSES THAT COMPOSE THEM - UNPREDICTABILITY OF A COMPLEX SYSTEM (WHICH IS IN THE BALANCE BETWEEN ORDER AND CHAOS) - POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE FEEDBACK - SELF-ORGANIZATION AND SPONTANEOUS EMERGENCE OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES - SELF ORGANIZED CRITICALITY - LAW EXPONENTIATION (SCALE-FREE) - SMALL WORLD NETWORKS AND SCALE FREE NETWORKS - DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM AND THE BUTTERFLY EFFECT - DETERMINISTIC CHAOS AND ATTRACTORS - BIFURCATION CATASTROPHIC (REACHING THE CRITICAL POINT), A PHENOMENON THAT ALLOWS THE EVOLUTION OF A COMPLEX SYSTEM IT WILL THEN PASS IN REVIEW SOME EXAMPLES OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS AND IN PARTICULAR IT DEALS WITH THE ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNET, NETWORK LITTLE WORLD AND THE GENERAL PROPERTIES OF A COMPLEX NETWORK SCALE-FREE (RELATIVE TO THE SPEED OF INFORMATION DISSEMINATION AND RESISTANCE TO VIRUSES AND ATTACKS MORE OR LESS TARGETED). THE SECOND PART OF THE COURSE EXPLORES THE USE OF COMPUTERS TO EXPLORE SOCIAL PROCESSES THROUGH MODELING AND SIMULATION. AFTER A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF GAME THEORY, IT ADDRESSES THE ISSUE OF COOPERATION THAT OCCURS SPONTANEOUSLY BETWEEN THE ELEMENTS OF A COMPLEX SYSTEM, STARTING FROM THE STUDIES OF AXELROD ON "PRISONER'S DILEMMA" ITERATED. WE START BY STUDYING THE STRATEGIES TOURNAMENTS ORGANIZED BY AXELROD AND ORGANIZE ITSELF WITHIN THE COURSE ITS OWN TOURNAMENT, IN WHICH STUDENTS WILL BE ENCOURAGED TO DEVELOP STRATEGIES THAT WILL BE PUT IN COMPETITION WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THOSE CLASSICS. THEN WE WILL STUDY OTHER MODELS, SUCH AS GENETIC ALGORITHMS, LANDSCAPE MODEL, TRIBUTE MODEL |
| Teaching Methods | |
|---|---|
| LECTURES IN THE FIRST PART OF THE COURSE. THEN THE STUDENT WILL BE INVOLVED IN ORGANIZING A TOURNAMENT OF STRATEGIES FOR ITERATED PRISONER'S PROBLEM AND WILL FINALLY DEVELOP AN ARGUMENT MONOTHEMATIC DUE AT THE END OF THE COURSE. |
| Verification of learning | |
|---|---|
| THE EXAMINATION TAKES PLACE AT THE LABORATORY OF MULTIMEDIA TEACHING FACULTY OF HUMANITIES. IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS: • VERIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE TOPICS "THEORETICAL". • DISCUSSION OF THE OUTCOME OF THE TOURNAMENT STRATEGIES ON THE "PROBLEM OF THE ITERATED PRISONER" AND PRESENTATION, AND DISCUSSION OF THE TOPIC MONOTHEMATIC |
| Texts | |
|---|---|
| BARABASI, LINK. LA SCIENZA DELLE RETI, EINAUDI, 2004 GANDOLFI, A. “FORMICAI, IMPERI, CERVELLI, INTRODUZIONE ALLA SCIENZA DELLA COMPLESSITÀ”, BOLLATI BORINGHIERI, 1999 LUCCHETTI, ROBERTO “DI DUELLI, SCACCHI E DILEMMI. LA TEORIA MATEMATICA DEI GIOCHI”. BRUNO MONDADORI, 2001 AXELROD, ROBERT “THE COMPLEXITY OF COOPERATION”, PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1997 |
| More Information | |
|---|---|
| ON THE TEACHER'S WEB SITE WILL BE AVAILABLE TRANSPARENCIES OF THE LESSONS AND OTHER MATERIAL ONLINE. |
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