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MATTER PHYSICS

Mario SALERNO MATTER PHYSICS

0522600010
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS "E. R. CAIANIELLO"
EQF7
PHYSICS
2024/2025

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 1
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2021
SPRING SEMESTER
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
756LESSONS
224EXERCISES
MARIO SALERNO T Curriculum
Objectives
THE TEACHING AIMS WILL BE FOCUSED ON THE FOLLOWING POINTS:

I) KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE AIM IS TO PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOLECULES AND TO THE MODERN THEORY OF SOLIDS.

II) APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING WILL BE DEVELOPED THROUGH PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES ALSO IN NEW OR UNFAMILIAR ENVIRONMENTS. IN PARTICULAR, STUDENTS WILL BE STIMULATED TO INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE AND HANDLE COMPLEXITY AND TO COMMUNICATE CONCLUSIONS AND KNOWLEDGE TO SPECIALIST AND NON SPECIALIST AUDIENCES.
Prerequisites
ATOMIC PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS AT INTRODUCTORY LEVEL. QUANTUM MECHANICS.
Contents
SEMICLASSICAL MODEL OF BLOCH ELECTRONS (LECT.4H). REVIEW OF THE BLOCH THEORY OF BANDS. SEMICLASSICAL EQUATIONS OF MOTION. LANDAU LEVELS. DE HAAS VAN-ALPHEN EFFECT. FERMI SURFACES OF ALKALI AND NOBLE METALS.
THE SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF CONDUCTION IN METALS (LECT.4H). RELAXATION TIME APPROXIMATION. NON-EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION. ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. THERMO-ELECTRIC EFFECTS.
BEYOND THE RELAXATION TIME APPROXIMATION (LECT.3H). GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF COLLISIONS. BOLTZMANN EQUATION. IMPURITY SCATTERING. WEIDERMANN-FRANZ LAW.
ELECTRON-ELECTRON APPROXIMATION (LECT.7H). HARTHREE-FOCK APPROXIMATION. GENERAL THEORY OF THE ELECTRONIC SCREENING IN THE METALS. DIELECTRIC CONSTANT. THOMAS-FERMI THEORY THE THEORY OF LINDHARD.
DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY (LECT.3H). SINGLE PARTICLE DENSITY. KINETIC ENERGY AND EXCHANGE-CORRELATION FUNCTIONALS. THEOREM OF HOHENBERG-KOHN. CORRELATION ENERGY. KOHN-SHAM EQUATION. LOCAL DENSITY APPROXIMATION.
PHYSICS AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (LECT.14H). DIATOMIC MOLECULES. BORN-OPPENHEIMER APPROXIMATION. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF DIATOMIC MOLECULES. IONIZED HYDROGEN MOLECULE. LCAO METHOD. THE HYDROGEN MOLECULE. HEITLER-LONDON METHOD. MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY. ROTATIONAL AND VIBRO-ROTATIONAL SPECTRA. ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS AND FRANCK-CONDON PRINCIPLE. THE AMMONIA MOLECULE.
CLASSICAL THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTALS (LECT.5H). INTERMOLECULAR FORCES IN SOLIDS LENARD-JONES POTENTIAL. COHESIVE ENERGY. MOLECULAR, IONIC AND COVALENT SOLIDS. CLASSIC SPECIFIC HEAT AND DULONG-PETIT LAW. NORMAL MODES AND DISPERSION RELATIONS.
QUANTUM THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL (LECT.6H). QUANTIZATION OF HARMONIC BRAVAIS LATTICES. PHONONS. HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC HEAT. DEBYE AND EINSTEIN MODELS.
NEUTRON SCATTERING BY A CRYSTAL (LECT.3H). CONSEVATION LAWS IN THE NEUTRON SCATTERING. SCATTERING WITH ZERO-, ONE-, AND TWO-PHONONS MEASURE OF THE PHONON SPECTRUM BY NEUTRON SCATTERING.
ANHARMONIC EFFECTS IN SOLIDS (LECT.4H). EQUATION OF STATE. THERMAL EXPANSION. GRUNEISEN PARAMETER. PHONON COLLISIONS. THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. LINDERMAN FORMULA AND MELTING TEMPERATURE.
PHONONS IN METALS (LECT.3H). DISPERSION RELATION. PHONON SCREENING. DIELECTRIC CONSTANT. EFFECTIVE ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTION. OVER-SCREENING.
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS (LECT.6H). MAGNETIZATION AND MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY. LARMOR DIAMAGNETISM. HUND'S RULES. VAN VLECK PARAMAGNETISM. CURIE LAW. ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION. PAULI PARAMAGNETISM. LANDAU DIAMAGNETISM.
ELECTRONIC INTERACTIONS AND MAGNETIC STRUCTURES (LECT.4H). ORIGIN OF MAGNETIC INTERACTIONS. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TWO ELECTRON SYSTEM. HEISENBERG HAMILTONIAN. DIRECT-, INDIRECT-, SUPER-, AND ITINERANT EXCHANGE. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF THE FREE ELECTRON GAS. HUBBARD MODEL AND ITINERANT MAGNETISM (SURVEY).
MAGNETIC ORDERING IN SOLIDS (LECT.7H). FERROMAGNETISM, ANTIFERROMAGNETISM AND FERRIMAGNETISM. PROPERTIES OF THE FERRO- AND ANTI-FERROMAGNETIC GROUND STATE AT T=0. SPIN WAVES. MAGNON DISPERSION RELATIONS: MAGNETIC SUSCETTIVITY AND CURIE-WEISS LAW. MEAN FIELD APPROXIMATION. DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS AND MAGNETIC DOMAINS.
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (LECT.7H). THE MEISSENER EFFECT. CRITICAL FIELDS. SUPERCONDUCTORS OF TYPE I AND TYPE II. ENERGETIC GAP. SPECIFIC HEATH. CRITICAL TEMPERATURE. THE LONDON EQUATION. THE GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY.FLUX QUANTIZATION. COHERENCE LENGTH. JOSEPHSON EFFECT. COOPER PAIRS.
Teaching Methods
THE COURSE HAS A THEORETICAL CHARACTER WITH AN APPLICATIVE PART INVOLVING EXERCISES, COMPUTER SIMULATIONS AND WRITTEN REPORTS.
Verification of learning
THE LEVEL OF LEARNING OF THE STUDENT WILL BE EVALUATED WITH A WRITTEN AND AN ORAL EXAMINATION. THE WRITTEN TEST WILL CONSIST IN A SET OF PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED IN MAX TWO HOURS. THE ORAL EXAMINATION WILL BEGIN WITH A DISCUSSION ON THE WRITTEN PART AND WILL CONTINUE WITH A SERIES OF QUESTIONS ON THE TOPICS OF THE COURSE. IN PARTICULAR, IT WILL BE VERIFIED THE ABILITY OF A) KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING: CORRECTLY EXPOSING THE COURSE TOPICS; SHOWING ABILITY TO REPORT AND TO CITE MODELS, INTERPRETING WHAT LEARNED AND EXPLAINING, GETTING IMPLICATIONS AND SIMPLIFICATIONS. (RANGE IN THE EXAM ASSESSMENT: 18-26). B) IDENTIFY RELATIONSHIPS, MODELS AND HYPOTIZE ALTERNATIVES, EXPRESS SCIENTIFIC SUPPORTED OPINIONS, AGREE OR DISAGREE USING SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS (RANGE IN THE EXAM ASSESSMENT: 27-30) . THE PRAISE WILL BE GIVEN TO STUDENTS SHOWING A SIGNIFICATIVE ABILITY OF MASTERING, UNDERSTANDING AND REWORKING THEORETICAL AND APPLICATIVE ASPECTS OF THE COURSE IN AN APPROPRIATE SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE.
Texts
B.H. BRANDSEN, C.J. JOACHAIN, PHYSICS OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES, LONGMAN, N.Y. (1991).

N.W. ASHCROFT, N.D. MERMIN, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, SAUNDERS COLLEGE, PHILADELPHIA (1976).

G. GROSSO, G. PASTORI PARRAVICINI, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, ACADEMIC PRESS (2000).

C. KITTEL, INTRODUZIONE ALLA FISICA DELLO STATO SOLIDO, CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA (2008).

H. IBACH E H. LUTH, SOLID-STATE PHYSICS (SPRINGER, BERLIN 2003).

J.M. ZIMAN, I PRINCIPI DELLA TEORIA DEI SOLIDI (TAMBURINI, MILANO, 1975)
More Information
THE COURSE WILL BE GIVEN IN THE SECOND SEMESTER.
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