Margherita FIANI | GEOMATICS
Margherita FIANI GEOMATICS
cod. 0612900007
GEOMATICS
| 0612900007 | |
| DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING | |
| EQF6 | |
| SC L-P01 TECHNIQUES FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND LAND DEVELOPMENT | |
| 2023/2024 |
| OBBLIGATORIO | |
| YEAR OF COURSE 1 | |
| YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2023 | |
| SPRING SEMESTER |
| SSD | CFU | HOURS | ACTIVITY | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICAR/06 | 6 | 48 | LESSONS |
| Objectives | |
|---|---|
| EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES AND COMPETENCE TO BE ACQUIRED: THE COURSE AIMS TO OUTLINE THE MAIN METHODS OF DESIGNING, SURVEYING, PROCESSING AND ANALYZING GEOMETRIC QUANTITIES THAT ENABLE A METRICALLY CORRECT DESCRIPTION OF THE LAND AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT. THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED COVERS THE SETTING UP OF TOPOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT SCHEMES TO SOLVE VARIOUS PROBLEMS OF POINT POSITIONING ON THE EARTH'S SURFACE, DEPENDING ON THE CHOSEN REFERENCE SYSTEM. ADDITIONAL KNOWLEDGE COVERS THE BASIC THEORY OF CARTOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS, PARTICULARLY OF REGIONAL TECHNICAL CARTOGRAPHY AND CADASTRAL CARTOGRAPHY. IN DETAIL, THE SKILLS TO BE ACQUIRED CONCERN: - ELEMENTS OF GEODESY, REFERENCE SYSTEMS AND COORDINATES; - THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASES FOR THE USE OF TRADITIONAL TOPOGRAPHIC INSTRUMENTS IN THE MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES, DISTANCES AND ELEVATION DIFFERENCES, GNSS SATELLITE POSITIONING; - METHODS OF STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF OBSERVATIONS MADE ACCORDING TO SIMPLE NETWORK SURVEY SCHEMES; - INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS OF THE THEORY OF CARTOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO USE CARTOGRAPHIC ELABORATIONS AT DIFFERENT SCALES. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING SKILLS: UNDERSTAND THE TERMINOLOGY USED IN SURVEYING AND CARTOGRAPHIC PRODUCTS, KNOW THE SPECIFICS OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR SURVEYING AND METRICALLY REPRESENTING TERRAIN, STRUCTURES AND INFRASTRUCTURE. ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: KNOW HOW TO PERFORM A TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, KNOW HOW TO STATISTICALLY PROCESS DATA AND KNOW HOW TO REPRESENT THEM IN CARTOGRAPHY AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: TO KNOW HOW TO IDENTIFY THE TECHNIQUES, METHODS AND TOOLS FOR SURVEYING, DATA ANALYSIS AND CARTOGRAPHIC PRODUCTS MOST APPROPRIATE TO THE CONTEXT IN WHICH ONE WORKS. HAVE SKILLS AND OPERATIONAL AUTONOMY ON TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT TASKS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE AGENCIES. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: UNDERSTAND AND USE THE TERMINOLOGY AND METHODS OF SURVEYING AND BE ABLE TO EXPRESS THEMSELVES IN TECHNICAL LANGUAGE. LEARNING SKILLS: KNOW HOW TO FOLLOW THE EVOLUTION OF NEW KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD |
| Prerequisites | |
|---|---|
| THE STUDENT TAKING THIS COURSE MUST HAVE BASIC NOTIONS OF MATHEMATICS, GEOMETRY AND ALGEBRA, AND PHYSICS. TYPICALLY, THESE NOTIONS ARE LARGELY ACQUIRED IN HIGH SCHOOL OR IN THE FIRST YEAR OF THE BACHELOR'S DEGREE PROGRAM; SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS WILL BE PROVIDED FOR SUPPORT IF CRITICAL. |
| Contents | |
|---|---|
| INTRODUCTION: PRINCIPLES OF SURVEY - DEFINITIONS - MEASUREMENT AND THEIR UNITS - PRECISION AND ACCURACY IN SURVEYING. GEODESY: SHAPE OF THE EARTH - PROBLEM OF SURVEYING - GEOCENTRIC COORDINATE SYSTEM - GRAVITATIONAL FIELD - GEOID - HEIGHT SYSTEMS AND HEIGHT DIFFERENCES – ASTRONOMICAL COORDINATE SYSTEM – EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACES - REFERENCE ELLIPSOID - ELLIPSOID COORDINATES - GEOID UNDULATIONS - GEODETIC SYSTEMS (DATUM) - CLASSICAL OBSERVABLES: AZIMUTH AND ZENITH ANGLES, DISTANCES, HEIGHT DIFFERENCES - GEOMETRY OF THE ELLIPSOID - ELLIPSOID SECTIONS: NORMAL, PRINCIPAL - RADII OF CURVATURE - TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN GEOGRAPHIC AND GEOCENTRIC SYSTEMS AND VICE VERSA - LOCAL GEODETIC SYSTEM - GEODETIC LINES - THEOREMS OF OPERATIONAL GEODESY - PUISEUX WEINGARTEN DEVELOPMENTS - APPROXIMATE REFERENCE SURFACES: TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEODETIC FIELD. NATIONAL GEODETIC INFRASTRUCTURE, DECREE NOVEMBER 10, 2011: ADOPTION OF THE NATIONAL GEODETIC REFERENCE SYSTEM. THEORY OF ERRORS AND STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF OBSERVATIONS: MEASUREMENT ERRORS: GROSS, SYSTEMATIC AND RANDOM - PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS - NORMAL (GAUSSIAN) DISTRIBUTION - ESTIMATION OF CHARACTERISTIC PARAMETERS OF A DISTRIBUTION - CONFIDENCE INTERVALS - STANDARDIZED VARIABLE - TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLES - COVARIANCE AND CORRELATION COEFFICIENT - PROPAGATION OF VARIANCE-COVARIANCE - APPLICATIONS TO SURVEYING PROBLEMS - LEAST SQUARES METHOD – ADJUSTMENT BY THE METHOD OF INDIRECT OBSERVATIONS. CARTOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS: PROBLEM OF MAP PROJECTION - DEFORMATION MODULES - CLASSIFICATION OF MAPS - CONFORMAL PROJECTIONS - CONFORMAL GAUSS MAP AND ITS GEODETIC USE - CONTRACTED COORDINATES AND MODULES EXPRESSIONS – THE ITALIAN OFFICIAL CARTOGRAPHY - COORDINATE MEASUREMENT ON THE IGM MAPS OF ITALY – UTM AND UPS CARTOGRAPHIC SYSTEM - CADASTRAL CARTOGRAPHY. SURVEYING: NATIONAL GEODETIC NETWORKS: PLANIMETRIC, LEVELING, IGM5 NETWORKS - REFERENCE, THICKENING AND LOCAL NETWORKS - PLANIMETRIC SURVEY REDUCTION OF DISTANCES TO THE REFERENCE SURFACE - ELEMENTARY SURVEY SCHEMES: INTERSECTIONS (FORWARD, LATERAL, BACKWARD), POLAR TRANSPORT (IRRADIATION), POLYGONALS CONSTRAINED TO EXTREMES AND CLOSED POLYGONALS - TOLERANCES, EMPIRICAL ADJUSTMENT OF ANGULAR AND LINEAR CLOSURES - DETAIL SURVEY - VERTICAL SURVEY: ORTHOMETRIC AND NORMAL HEIGHTS, REFERENCE SURFACES - TRIGONOMETRIC AND GEOMETRIC LEVELING: SCHEME, INSTRUMENTATION, ACCURACY - PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF GNSS SURVEYING, SESSIONS AND INDEPENDENT BASELINES - BASELINES COMPUTATION - TRANSFORMATION IN THE NATIONAL REFERENCE SYSTEM - DESIGN, PLANNING, MATERIALIZATION, SURVEYING AND ADJUSTMENT OF PLANIMETRIC, LEVELING AND GNSS NETWORKS. TOPOGRAPHIC AND OPERATIONAL METHODS: MEASURE OF ANGLES – THEODOLITES - MAIN COMPONENTS: TELESCOPE, VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL CIRCLES, CIRCLE READING AND OPTICAL MICROMETER, OPTICAL PLUMB - SETTING UP - READING METHOD OF AZIMUTH ANGLES - BESSEL’S METHOD - ZENITH ANGLES - ELECTRONIC THEODOLITES - MEASURE OF DISTANCES - GEODIMETERS: OPERATING PRINCIPLE, FUNDAMENTAL EQUATION, ACCURACY OF A GEODIMETER - TOTAL STATIONS – LEVELING – LEVELS - TYPES OF LEVELS - MAIN COMPONENTS: TELESCOPE, LEVEL PLUMBS, LEVELING SCREWS - BESSEL’S METHOD - INVAR STADIA. GNSS. BASIC CONCEPTS - GNSS CONSTELLATION (GPS, GALILEO, GLONASS, COMPASS-BEIDOU) AND CONTROL SEGMENT; GPS SIGNAL STRUCTURE; GPS BIASES AND ERRORS; GPS RECEIVERS; WGS84; PSEUDO-RANGE AND CARRIER PHASE MEASUREMENTS - BASELINE PROCESSING: SINGLE, DOUBLE AND TRIPLE PHASE DIFFERENCES - LINEAR COMBINATIONS OF OBSERVABLES - CYCLE SLIPS - AMBIGUITIES. |
| Teaching Methods | |
|---|---|
| THE COURSE IS ORGANIZED WITH THEORETICAL LECTURES AND IN-CLASS AND PRACTICAL EXERCISES DESIGNED BOTH TO ACQUAINT THE STUDENT WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF CLASSICAL SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS AND SOME CLASSICAL PROFESSIONAL APPLICATIONS, AND TO DEVELOP IN THE STUDENT THE ABILITY TO ADAPT SURVEYING SCHEMES TO REAL OPERATING CONDITIONS. |
| Verification of learning | |
|---|---|
| THE VERIFICATION OF LEARNING OF THE COURSE IN TOPOGRAFIA IS DONE THROUGH A SINGLE FINAL EXAM, WHICH ASCERTAINS THE ACQUISITION OF THE EXPECTED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS THROUGH THE CONDUCT OF A WRITTEN AND ORAL TEST WITHOUT THE AID OF NOTES OR BOOKS. THE WRITTEN CONSISTS OF QUESTIONS OF VARIOUS KINDS (MULTIPLE-CHOICE, OPEN-ENDED, OR SIMPLE BASIC EXERCISES) COVERING THE ENTIRE COURSE SYLLABUS. EACH QUESTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH, AND DECLARED IMMEDIATELY BEFORE THE EXAM, A SCORE WHOSE TOTAL EXCEEDS THE MAXIMUM OF 3 UNITS (33/30). THE TEST MUST BE TAKEN WITHIN THE SPECIFIED TIME RANGE AND GENERALLY NOT EXCEEDING ONE HOUR. THE ORAL IS HELD AFTER THE WRITTEN TEST, AND IS INTENDED TO SUPPLEMENT THE WRITTEN TEST WITH SOME SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS THAT MAY AFFECT THE FINAL SCORE BY NO MORE THAN +/- 3 POINTS. |
| Texts | |
|---|---|
| LECTURERS' NOTES USABLE FREE OF CHARGE IN UNIVERSITY WEBSITES FOR REFERENCE: G. INGHILLERI, L. SOLAINI. TOPOGRAFIA. LEVROTTO & BELLA, 1997. G. FOLLONI. PRINCIPI DI TOPOGRAFIA – PATRON, 1982 G. BEZOARI, C. MONTI, A. SELVINI. TOPOGRAFIA GENERALE. UTET, MILANO, 2002 B. HOFMANN-WELLENHOF, H. LICHTENEGGER, J. COLLINS. GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM: THEORY AND PRACTICE. SPRINGER-VERLAG, 1997. |
| More Information | |
|---|---|
PRACTICAL LABORATORY EXERCISES FOCUSING ON THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF CLASSICAL TOPOGRAPHIC INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR APPLICATION ARE PLANNED FOR THE PURPOSE OF UNDERSTANDING SOME PARTS OF THE COURSE IN PARTICULAR, THE INSTRUMENTS THAT WILL BE CONSIDERED ARE THE CLASSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF MODERN TOPOGRAPHY - THEODOLITE - TOTAL STATION - ANALOG AND DIGITAL AUTOLEVEL - GNSS |
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