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ENVIRONMENTAL HYDRAULICS AND FLUID DYNAMICS

Giacomo VICCIONE ENVIRONMENTAL HYDRAULICS AND FLUID DYNAMICS

0612500035
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
EQF6
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
2024/2025

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 2
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2022
FULL ACADEMIC YEAR
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
1IDRAULICA
660LESSONS
2FLUIDODINAMICA AMBIENTALE
660LESSONS
GIACOMO VICCIONE21 Curriculum
Objectives
MODULE 1 (M1): HYDRAULICS
EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES AND COMPETENCIES TO BE ACQUIRED:
THIS MODULE YIELDS BASIC NOTIONS OF THE HYDROSTATICS AND THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF PIPE FLOWS. THE STUDENT LEARNS THEORETICAL AND OPERATIONAL ASPECTS THROUGH NUMERICAL APPLICATIONS AND LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS.
.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
KNOWLEDGE OF TERMINOLOGY, UNDERSTANDING OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES, MEASUREMENT DEVICES AND METHODOLOGIES FOR THE RESOLUTION OF PROBLEMS OF HYDROSTATICS AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF PIPE FLOWS.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF THE HYPOTHESES AND ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE FORMULATION OF PRINCIPLES.
UNDERSTANDING OF THE PRINCIPLES WRITTEN IN LOCAL AND GLOBAL FORM.
.
APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- APPLY AND DEVELOP THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THE RESOLUTION OF PROBLEMS OF HYDROSTATIC AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF PIPE FLOWS.
- SOLVE THE PROBLEM BY APPLYING THE LAWS GOVERNING THE BEHAVIOUR OF LIQUIDS AT REST AND IN MOTION ALONG PIPES.
.
MAKING JUDGEMENTS:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- IDENTIFY THE METHOD TO SOLVE A PROBLEM OF HYDROSTATICS AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF PIPE FLOWS, IN THE CONTEXT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING BASED ON THE CONTEXT AT HAND;
- EVALUATE THE HYDRAULIC BEHAVIOUR OF LIQUIDS AT REST AND IN MOTION ALONG PIPES, ALSO THROUGH THE USE OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, SELECTING THE DIFFERENT SCENARIOS OF INTEREST;
- DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN THE DESIGN PROBLEM AND THE VERIFICATION PROBLEM.
.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- COMMUNICATE WITH COMPETENCE AND PROPER TERMINOLOGY THE SOLUTIONS RELATED TO WATERWORKS TO TECHNICAL INTERLOCUTORS AND TRANSFER THE BASIC CONCEPTS TO NON-TECHNICAL INTERLOCUTORS.
- SET UP AND CONSEQUENTLY TREAT PROBLEMS OF HYDROSTATICS AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF PIPE FLOWS, ALSO USING TEXTS OR HIS/HER OWN ELABORATIONS.
.
ABILITY TO LEARN:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO
- USE AND DEVELOP SIMPLE ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF HYDROSTATICS AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF PIPE FLOWS;
- APPLY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND PROCEED WITH ITS UPDATING INDEPENDENTLY, USING TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE.
.
MODULE 2 (M2): ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID DYNAMICS
EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES AND COMPETENCIES TO BE ACQUIRED:
THIS MODULE YIELDS BASIC NOTIONS OF THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS. THE STUDENT LEARNS THEORETICAL AND OPERATIONAL ASPECTS THROUGH NUMERICAL APPLICATIONS AND LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS.
.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
KNOWLEDGE OF TERMINOLOGY, UNDERSTANDING OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES, AND METHODOLOGIES FOR THE RESOLUTION OF THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF THE HYPOTHESES AND ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE FORMULATION OF PRINCIPLES.
UNDERSTANDING OF THE PRINCIPLES WRITTEN IN LOCAL AND GLOBAL FORM.
.
APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- APPLY AND DEVELOP THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THE RESOLUTION OF PROBLEMS OF THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS.
- SOLVE THE PROBLEM BY APPLYING THE LAWS GOVERNING THE BEHAVIOUR OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS.
.
MAKING JUDGEMENTS:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- IDENTIFY THE METHOD TO SOLVE A PROBLEM OF THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS, IN THE CONTEXT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING BASED ON THE CONTEXT AT HAND;
- EVALUATE THE HYDRAULIC BEHAVIOUR AND THE INTERACTION OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS ORIFICES AND WEIRS, SELECTING THE DIFFERENT SCENARIOS OF INTEREST;
.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- COMMUNICATE WITH COMPETENCE THE SOLUTIONS RELATED TO FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS TO TECHNICAL INTERLOCUTORS AND TRANSFER THE BASIC CONCEPTS TO NON-TECHNICAL INTERLOCUTORS.
- SET UP AND CONSEQUENTLY TREAT PROBLEMS OF HYDRODYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS, ALSO USING TEXTS OR HIS/HER OWN ELABORATIONS.
.
ABILITY TO LEARN:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO
- USE AND DEVELOP SIMPLE ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF HYDRODYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACE FLOWS, FLUID FLOWS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, AND FLUID FLOWS THROUGH ORIFICES AND WEIRS;
- APPLY THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED AND PROCEED WITH ITS UPDATING INDEPENDENTLY, USING TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE.
Prerequisites
- PREREQUISITES
PRIOR ABILITY ON HOW TO MATHEMATICALLY TREAT PHYSICAL PHENOMENA IN THE CONTEXT OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS
- PROPEDEUTICITY
RATIONAL MECHANICS, PHYSICS.
Contents
FUNDAMENTALS (HYDRAULICS MODULE, 6 HH OF THEORY)
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS - PRESSURE AND SHEAR STRESS - CAUCHY THEOREM – DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM – NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS.
.
HYDROSTATICS (HYDRAULICS MODULE, 18 HH OF THEORY + 4 HH OF CLASSROOM EXERCISES)
STEVIN’S EQUATION – PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION –PRESSURE MEASUREMENT - FORCE ACTING ON PLANAR SURFACES - CENTRE OF PRESSURE – INTEGRAL EQUATION OF HYDROSTATICS - ARCHIMEDES' PRINCIPLE - FORCE ACTING ON CURVED SURFACES.

STEADY FLUID FLOWS (HYDRAULICS MODULE, 21 HH OF THEORY + 7 HH OF CLASSROOM EXERCISES + 4 HH OF LABORATORY ACTIVITIES)
DEFINITION OF: TRAJECTORY, STREAMLINE, STREAM TUBE, FLOW RATE AND CURRENT – EULERIAN AND LAGRANGIAN APPROACH – CONTINUITY AND MOMENTUM EQUATIONS IN DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL FORM - BERNOULLI'S THEOREM FOR FRICTIONLESS FLUIDS - POWER OF A CURRENT: EXTENSION OF THE BERNOULLI EQUATION TO A IDEAR AND REAL CURRENT - PITOT AND PITOT-PRANDTL TUBES – VENTURI, NOZZLE AND ORIFICE METERS – FROM LAMINAR TO TURBULENT FLOWS: THE REYNOLDS’ EXPERIMENT - EQUATION OF MOTION FOR REAL FLUIDS: FRICTION AND LOCAL LOSSES - LAMINAR FLOW: POISEILLE’S FORMULA – TURBULENT FLOWS - DARCY -WEISBACH FORMULA - NIKURADSE EXPERIMENTS - SMOOTH PIPE - DEFINITION OF ROUGHNESS – MOODY CHART - RESISTANCE FORMULAE: BLASIUS, PRANDTL, VON KARMAN AND COLEBROOK-WHITE -OTHER PRACTICAL RESISTANCE FORMULAE - OVERVIEW OF PUMPS AND TURBINES – APPLICATIONS.
.
STEADY FREE SURFACE FLOWS (ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODULE, 30 HH OF THEORY + 6 HH OF CLASSROOM EXERCISES + 4 HH OF LABORATORY ACTIVITIES)
DEFINITION OF A GRADUALLY VARIED FREE SURFACE FLOW – TOTAL HEAD OF A CURRENT – CRITICAL CONDITION – SUPERCRITICAL, SUBCRITICAL AND CRITICAL FLOWS – UNIFORM FLOWS: RESISTANCE FORMULAE – RATING CURVES – MILD, STEEP AND CRITICAL SLOPE – DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF MOTION – HYDRAULIC JUMP EQUATION- BACKWATER PROFILES FOR MILD, STEEP AND CRITICAL SLOPE – BACKWATER PROFILES IN CASE OF RIVER BEDS HAVING DIFFERENT SLOPES AND/OR ROUGHNESS – INLET PROBLEMS – CHANNEL OUTLET – FLOW OVER A STEP – FLOW OVER A NARROWED SECTION – FLOW THROUGH A GATE.
.
FLOW OVER ORIFICES AND WEIRS (ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODULE, 9 HH OF THEORY + 3 HH OF CLASSROOM EXERCISES)
.
FLOW THROUGH POROUS MEDIA (ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODULE, 6 HH OF THEORY + 2 HH OF CLASSROOM EXERCISES)
Teaching Methods
THE COURSE OF A TOTAL OF 12 CFU / 120 HOURS IS PROVIDED THROUGH TWO CONSECUTIVE MODULES OF 6 CFU / 60 HOURS. EACH MODULE INCLUDES FRONT LESSONS (4.5 OF 6 CFU / MODULE) AND EXERCISES IN THE CLASSROOM AND AT THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND MARITIME HYDRAULICS LABORATORY (LIDAM) (1.5 OF 6 CFU / MODULE).
LABORATORY EXERCISES AIM TO STIMULATE THE ABILITY OF CRITICAL JUDGMENT SKILLS AND ACTIVELY INVOLVE STUDENTS IN VARIOUS HYDRAULIC AND FLUID-DYNAMIC PROCESSES.
OVERALL, THE COURSE CONSISTS OF FRONTAL LESSONS (90 HH), CLASSROOM EXERCISES (22 HH) AND EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS (8 HH) AT THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND MARITIME HYDRAULICS LABORATORY (LIDAM).
CLASS ATTENDANCE IS MANDATORY WITH MINIMUM ATTENDANCE RATE OF 70%.
Verification of learning
THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE LEARNING OBJECTIVES IS ATTESTED AT THE END OF THE COURSE THROUGH A WRITTEN TEST (DURATION 2 HH) WHICH IS PREPARATORY TO THE SUCCESSIVE ORAL TEST. TO SUCCESSFULLY ACCESS THE ORAL TEST, A MINIMUM SCORE OF 18/30 MUST BE ATTAINED AT THE WRITTEN TEST.
THE ORAL TEST WILL CONSIST OF A PRESENTATION ON SELECTED TOPICS OF THE COURSE. GAPS SHOWN DURING THE WRITTEN EXAM WILL BE SOLVED.
THE WRITTEN AND ORAL TESTS NORMALLY TAKE PLACE ON THE SAME SCHEDULED DAY.
TWO INTERMEDIATE WRITTEN TESTS WILL BE HELD ON THE TOPICS ALREADY DEVELOPED IN CLASS AND, IF BOTH PASSED, WILL BE EXEMPTED FROM THE WRITTEN TEST. THE WRITTEN TEST MUST BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF FAILURE TO PASS ONE OR MORE INTERMEDIATE TESTS.
THE MAXIMUM SCORE CUM LAUDE WILL BE CONFERRED ON THE BASIS OF:
-THE QUALITY OF THE EXPOSITION WITH THE USE OF A PROPER SCIENTIFIC TERMINOLOGY
-THE ABILITY TO CORRELATE DIFFERENT TOPICS LEARNT DURING THE COURSE, AND POSSIBLY WITH REFERENCE TO OTHER DISCIPLINES
-THE PERSONAL JUDGEMENT SHOWN DURING THE EXPOSITION.
THE MINIMUM SCORE (18/30) AT THE ORAL EXAM WILL BE CONFERRED WHEN THE STUDENT SHOWS AT LEAST A BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES RULING HYDRAULIC AND FLUID DYNAMIC PROCESSES, AND NO SEVERE HESITATION ON THE APPLICATION OF SOLVING METHODS OF HYDRAULIC SCHEMES IS EXHIBITED.
Texts
LECTURES NOTES.
MICHELE MOSSA, ANTONIO PETRILLO, IDRAULICA, ZANICHELLI, SECONDA EDIZIONE.
FURTHER INSIGHTS:
DUILIO CITRINI E GIORGIO NOSEDA, IDRAULICA, ED. AMBROSIANA (DISPONIBILE IN BIBLIOTECA)
More Information
REFER TO THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE (HTTPS://WEB.UNISA.IT/DIDATTICA) FOR THE CLASS TIMETABLE.
Lessons Timetable

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