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INTERNATIONAL LAW, CYBERSECURITY AND ETHICS OF ARTIFICIAL

NICOLA PALLADINO INTERNATIONAL LAW, CYBERSECURITY AND ETHICS OF ARTIFICIAL

0222800028
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT & INNOVATION SYSTEMS
EQF7
DATA SCIENCE E GESTIONE DELL'INNOVAZIONE
2024/2025

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 1
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2022
AUTUMN SEMESTER
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
1INTERNATIONAL LAW, CYBERSECURITY AND ETHICS OF ARTIFICIAL MOD 1
642LESSONS
2INTERNATIONAL LAW, CYBERSECURITY AND ETHICS OF ARTIFICIAL MOD 2
642LESSONS
TERESA RUSSO1 T Curriculum
ROSSANA PALLADINO1 Curriculum
NICOLA PALLADINO2 Curriculum
ExamDate
RUSSO10/12/2024 - 10:00
RUSSO10/12/2024 - 10:00
Objectives
THE COURSE AIMS TO PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH THE KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS NECESSARY TO ADDRESS THE LEGAL, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CYBERSECURITY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI-AI) SYSTEMS, IN INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW, HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPLICATIONS IN TERMS OF ETHICS. THE COURSE FRAMES THE NOTION OF CYBERSPACE, CYBERSECURITY AND AI ETHICS, ANALYSING THE REGULATORY, TECHNICAL AND ORGANISATIONAL TOOLS DEVELOPED IN INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW FOR THE REGULATION OF CYBERSPACE AND AI SYSTEMS IN ORDER TO MAKE THEM SECURE AND RELIABLE, GUARANTEEING THE RESPECT OF HUMAN RIGHTS, ALSO IN THE LIGHT OF THE JURISPRUDENTIAL PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURTS.
THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED BY STUDENTS WILL COVER:
- THE ACTS ADOPTED BY THE MAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND THE EUROPEAN UNION ON CYBERSECURITY (DATA PROTECTION, NIS DIRECTIVE, CYBER SECURITY ACT, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT, ETC.);
- THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES FOR AN ETHICAL APPROACH TO AI (FAIRNESS, ACCOUNTABILITY, TRANSPARENCY, EXPLAINABILITY, DATA PROTECTION), DERIVED FROM THE MAIN INITIATIVES ON THE SUBJECT (CODES OF CONDUCT, GUIDELINES, INTERNATIONAL DECLARATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS);
- THE STATE OF THE ART OF THE TOOLS THAT CAN BE USED TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH LEGAL REQUIREMENTS AND ETHICAL GUIDELINES (RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK, IMPACT ASSESMENT, TRANSPARENCY AND EXPLAINABILITY MEASURES, ETC.).

BY THE END OF THE COURSE, STUDENTS WILL HAVE ACQUIRED THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS THAT WILL ENABLE THEM TO:
- ORIENT THEMSELVES ON THE MAIN ISSUES RELATED TO THE APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL AND EU LAW IN THE GOVERNANCE AND DEFENCE OF CYBERSPACE, CYBERSECURITY IN GENERAL AND AI SYSTEMS IN PARTICULAR;
- UNDERSTAND HOW AI WORKS AND ASSESS THE SOCIAL, LEGAL AND POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS OF AI APPLICATIONS AND THEIR ARCHITECTURES AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS;
- CRITICALLY ANALYSE THE RATIONALE, PROVISIONS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE FORTHCOMING EUROPEAN AI LEGISLATION, BEING ABLE TO CONDUCT A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH APPROACHES DEVELOPED IN DIFFERENT GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXTS (MAINLY THE US AND CHINA).

THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- TO CHOOSE AMONG THE DIFFERENT THEORIES STUDIED THE ONE MOST USEFUL FOR THE INTERPRETATION AND SOLUTION OF CONCRETE CASE STUDIES;
- TO CRITICALLY ANALYZE CONCRETE DATA AND CASE STUDIES TO DETERMINE INDEPENDENT JUDGMENTS WITH REFLECTIONS ON SOCIAL, SCIENTIFIC AND ETHICAL ISSUES RELATED TO CYBERSECURITY AND AI;
- APPLY ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGIES FOR A THOROUGH AND CRITICAL UNDERSTANDING OF DIGITAL REALITY.

THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- TO USE APPROPRIATE VOCABULARY IN DISCUSSING ISSUES AND CONCRETE CASES RELATED TO CYBERSECURITY AND AI
- TO COMMUNICATE INFORMATION, IDEAS, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS TO SPECIALIST AND NON-SPECIALIST INTERLOCUTORS;
- TO COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCLUSIONS AND KNOWLEDGE CLEARLY TO SPECIALIST AND NON-SPECIALIST INTERLOCUTORS.

THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- DEVELOP INDEPENDENT STUDY SKILLS;
- DEVELOP THE ABILITY TO ASK QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE SECURITY AND PROTECTION OF
DATA AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN CYBERSPACE AND WITH REFERENCE TO AI;
- DEMONSTRATE THE ABILITY TO RESEARCH USING TRADITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC TOOLS
AND COMPUTER ANALYSIS AND ARCHIVAL RESOURCES;
- PROMOTE, IN ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL SETTINGS, TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT,
SOCIAL OR CULTURAL ADVANCEMENT IN SOCIETY BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF ISSUES RELATED TO CYBERSECURITY AND AI.
Prerequisites
NOTHING
Contents
INTERNATIONAL LAW AND CYBERSECURITY (21 HOURS, PROF. TERESA RUSSO): NOTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF CYBERSPACE; ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF THE GENERAL AND CONVENTIONAL RULES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW TO THE CYBER SPACE; CYBER TERRORISM / CYBER WARFARE / CYBER ESPIONAGE / CYBER CRIME AND THE ACTIONS OF THE MAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (UN, NATO, G8, OSCE); THE ACTION OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE ON CYBERCRIME (BUDAPEST CONVENTION AND ITS ADDITIONAL PROTOCOLS) AND ON DATA PROTECTION (STRASBOURG CONVENTION AND ITS PROPOSED AMENDMENT), CASE STUDIES.

EUROPEAN UNION LAW AND CYBERSECURITY (21 HOURS, PROF. ROSSANA PALLADINO): THE EUROPEAN STRATEGY FOR CYBER-SECURITY; EU LEGISLATION ON THE SECURITY OF NETWORKS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS; "CYBER SECURITY ACT" AND THE EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR CYBER SECURITY; DIGITAL SERVICES ACT AND DIGITAL MARKETS ACT; THE FIGHT AGAINST CYBER-CRIME; THE EUROPEAN UNION GENERAL DATA PROTECTION REGULATION (GDPR).

AI ETHICS (PROF. NICOLA PALLADINO, 42H):ETHICS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: INTRODUCTION TO AI; THE ETHICAL CHALLENGES OF AI AND THE CONCEPT OF TRUSTWORTHY AI; ETHICS, LAW, AND GOVERNANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF AI; NORMATIVE PRINCIPLES FOR AI GOVERNANCE (TRANSPARENCY, ACCOUNTABILITY, FAIRNESS, PRIVACY, SECURITY, HUMAN CONTROL); INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES: OECD, UNESCO, COE; THE EUROPEAN STRATEGY ON AI AND THE AMERICAN AND CHINESE MODELS; THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT; HUMAN RIGHTS IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT FOR AI APPLICATIONS.

Teaching Methods
THE COURSE CONSISTS OF 84 HOURS OF LECTURES AND TAKES PLACE IN THE FIRST SEMESTER (42 HOURS IUS/14 AND 42 HOURS SPS/04). THERE ARE EXERCISES, SIMULATION GAMES FOR THE ACQUISITION OF THE PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD, AS WELL AS SEMINARS OF TRAINING ACTIVITIES. AN INTERACTIVE METHOD WILL BE USED IN ORDER TO STIMULATE THE INTEREST OF STUDENTS AND ENCOURAGE THE CRITICAL ACQUISITION OF THE CONTENT. ATTENDANCE TO LESSONS IS NOT MANDATORY BUT STRONGLY RECOMMENDED.
Verification of learning
FOR THE STUDENTS ATTENDING LECTURES:
-GROUP DISCUSSIONS GUIDED BY THE TEACHER, ABOUT THE CONTENTS OF THE COURSE ALSO FOR ENCOURAGING OCCASIONS OF SELF-ASSESSMENT BY STUDENTS THEMSELVES;
-THE POSSIBILITY OF UNDERGOING AN ORAL TEST BETWEEN LECTURES ABOUT A PART OF THE PROGRAM WHICH, IN CASE IT RESULTS TO BE POSITIVE, WILL NOT ASSESSED ANYMORE;
- ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATIVE ACT AND CASE LAW PRACTICE IN ORDER TO FAVOR THE RECONSTRUCTION AND FRAMEWORK OF CASES, AS WELL AS THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOLUTION AND STRATEGY TO BE ADOPTED
- FINAL ORAL EXAM, THROUGH QUESTIONS DESIGNED TO TEST KNOWLEDGE OF TEACHING CONTENT.
FOR THE STUDENTS NOT ATTENDING LECTURES:
- FINAL ORAL EXAM, THROUGH QUESTIONS DESIGNED TO TEST KNOWLEDGE OF TEACHING CONTENT.

THE TESTING OF THE EDUCATIONAL RESULTS CONCERNING THE GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUBJECT IS BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SKILLS FOR BETTER LEARNING THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF THE SUBJECT, ALSO FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE USE OF IT FOR THE JOB WORLD, THE DEEPENING OF CRITICAL-RECONSTRUCTION SKILLS AS REGARDS THE SUBJECT UNDER DISCUSSION AND ITS MOST CRUCIAL ASPECTS AS WELL AS THE ABILITY OF COMMUNICATING THE NOTIONS ACQUIRED, WITH A SELF-CONFIDENT SPEECH AND TERMINOLOGICAL ACCURACY.
THE MINIMUM EVALUATION LEVEL (18) WILL BE ASSIGNED IF THE STUDENT SHOWS A FRAGMENTAL KNOWLEDGE AND A LITTLE DEEPENING OF THEORETICAL CONTENT OR A LIMITED CAPACITY TO CONNECT THE NORMATIVE AND CASE.LAW REFERENCES TO THE STUDY CONTEXT. THE MAXIMUM LEVEL OF EVALUATION (30) WILL BE GRANTED IF THE STUDENT SHOWS A COMPLETE AND DEEPENING KNOWLEDGE OF THEORETICAL CONTENTS OR SHOWS A NOTABLE CAPACITY TO LINK THE NORMATIVE AND CASE-LAW REFERENCES TO THE STUDY CONTEXT. LA PRAISE WILL BE GRANTED TO CANDIDATES WHO EXHIBIT SIGNIFICANT MASTERY OF THEORETICAL AND OPERATIVE CONTENT AND KNOW TO ARGUE WITH REMARKABLE LANGUAGE PROPERTIES AND ABILITY OF AUTONOMOUS PROCESSING ALSO IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS FROM THOSE PROPOSED BY THE PROFESSOR.
Texts
FOR THE 42-HOUR IUS/14 MODULE, THE FOLLOWING TEXTS ARE RECOMMENDED:
N. TSAUGOURIAS, RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON INTERNATIONAL LAW AND CYBERSPACE, EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING, 2021, WITH THE EXCLUSION OF PARTS III AND IV.

ALTERNATIVELY

D. MARRANI, LA COOPERAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE PER LA SICUREZZA E LA STABILITÀ NEL CYBERSPACE, EDITORIALE SCIENTIFICA, NAPOLI, 2020.

CONSULTATION, IN ITALIAN OR ENGLISH, OF THE MAIN DOCUMENTS, INCLUDING THE STRASBOURG CONVENTION AND THE PROTOCOL OF AMENDMENT, THE BUDAPEST CONVENTION; THE DIRECTIVE 2016/1148/EU; THE REGULATION (EU) 2019/881; THE REGULATION (EU) 2016/679.

FOR THE 42-HOUR SPS/04 MODULE, THE FOLLOWING TEXTS ARE RECOMMENDED:
DIGNUM, V. (2019). RESPONSIBLE AI, SPRINGER, CHAPTER 2 WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
FJELD, J., ACHTEN, N., HILLIGOSS, H., NAGY, A., & SRIKUMAR, M. (2020). PRINCIPLED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: MAPPING CONSENSUS IN ETHICAL AND RIGHTS-BASED APPROACHES TO PRINCIPLES FOR AI. BERKMAN KLEIN CENTER RESEARCH PUBLICATION, (2020-1).
PALLADINO NICOLA, A DIGITAL CONSTITUTIONALISM FRAMEWORK FOR AI: INSIGHTS FROM THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT, DIGITAL POLITICS, 3/2023
MANTELERO, A. (2022). BEYOND DATA: HUMAN RIGHTS, ETHICAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN AI (P. 200). SPRINGER NATURE. CAP.2
More Information
THE TEACHING ORGANIZATION IS DESIGNED FOR STUDENTS WHO ATTEND REGULARLY. NON-ATTENDING STUDENTS CAN USE ADDITIONAL EXPLANATIONS AND THE TEACHER'S GUIDE IN ACCESSING THE CONSULTATION OF REGULATORY AND CASE-LAW SOURCES.
Lessons Timetable

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