Leonardo PACE | DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY

cod. 1060100035

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY

	1060100035
	DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, SURGERY AND DENTISTRY "SALERNITANA MEDICAL SCHOOL"
	EQF7
	MEDICINE AND SURGERY
	2023/2024

PERCORSO SHARED STUDY PATHWAY

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 5
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2016
	AUTUMN SEMESTER

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
1	DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI E RADIOTERAPIA
	MED/36	3	36	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS
2	DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI E RADIOTERAPIA
	MED/36	2	24	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

PROFESSORS

	LEONARDO PACE1 T Curriculum
	RENATO CUOCOLO2 Curriculum

	Objectives
	THE MAIN OBJECTIVE IS TO PROVIDE THE SKILLS NECESSARY TO CORRECTLY INTERPRET THE REPORTS OF THE MAIN DISEASES, TO BE ABLE TO INCLUDE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING PROCEDURES IN THE APPROPRIATE DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES, AND TO PROVIDE THE MAIN KNOWLEDGE OF RADIOTHERAPY AND THERAPY WITH RADIONUCLIDES. • KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. THE INTEGRATED COURSE HAS THE PURPOSE OF PUTTING THE STUDENT IN THE CONDITION OF KNOWING: THE NATURE OF THE BIOENERGIES USED IN DIAGNOSTICS, THEIR USE AND THE RISKS; THE PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL BASES OF THE MAIN METHODS, THEIR OPERATION AND THE IMAGE FORMATION CRITERIA; THE BIOCHEMICAL, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND PHARMACOKINETIC BASES, THE COLLATERAL AND SECONDARY EFFECTS OF CONTRAST MEANS; RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND GENERAL RADIOLOGICAL SEMEIOTICS; SEMEIOTICS AND DIAGNOSTIC PROTOCOLS OF THE MAIN DISEASES; THE TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES, GENERALITIES AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY AND RADIOTHERAPY; THE PRINCIPLES OF RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOPROTECTION AND THE REGULATIONS IN FORCE; UNDERSTAND HOW BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES (DEFINED BY GENDER) AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES (DEFINED BY GENDER) BY INFLUENCING THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF PATHOLOGIES AFFECT THE DEFINITION OF APPROPRIATENESS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY PROCEDURES. • ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE MAIN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IMAGES FROM TRADITIONAL RADIOLOGY, COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY, ULTRASOUND, MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE. STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO APPLY THEIR KNOWLEDGE, HAVE THE CAPACITY TO UNDERSTAND AND ABILITY TO SOLVE PROBLEMS ON TOPICS INSERTED IN WIDE INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT. IN PARTICULAR, THE STUDENT SHOULD KNOW HOW TO EXERCISE THE CORRECT CLINICAL JUDGMENT TO ESTABLISH THE DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE BY IMAGES OR THE MOST APPROPRIATE PROCEDURES IN THE LIGHT OF EBM AND KNOW HOW TO ANALYZE AND INTERPRET THE RESULTS; FURTHERMORE, THE STUDENT MUST BE ABLE TO EVALUATE HOW SEX AND GENDER DIFFERENCES AFFECT THE CHOICE OF BOTH PROCEDURES AND DIAGNOSTIC-THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY. • AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT. THE ABILITY TO INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE AND HANDLE COMPLEXITY, AS WELL AS TO MAKE JUDGMENTS ON THE BASIS OF AVAILABLE INFORMATION. STUDENTS MUST: KNOW HOW TO DISTINGUISH NORMAL PICTURES FROM THOSE ORIGINATED BY THE MAIN PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES; KNOWING HOW TO DISCUSS THE ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING OF THE MAIN ORGANS AND SYSTEMS WITH PARTICULAR REGARD TO THE INDICATIONS, THE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS AND THE LIMITS OF THE DIFFERENT METHODS IN THE MAIN PATHOLOGICAL PICTURES; DEFINE THE RATIONAL FOR THE CHOICE BY PRIORITY AND BY SEQUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT IMAGING METHODS IN THE DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH OF THE MAIN DISEASES; KNOWING HOW TO INTERPRET THE REPORTS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL PURPOSES, INTEGRATING THE WRITTEN TEXT WITH THE OBSERVATION OF THE IMAGES AND WITH THE CONSIDERATION OF OTHER DIAGNOSTIC ELEMENTS. • COMMUNICATION SKILLS. COMPLETE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING REQUESTS TO PROVIDE RELEVANT CLINICAL INFORMATION AND ASKS CLEAR DIAGNOSTIC QUESTIONS. COMMUNICATE THE INFORMATION NECESSARY TO EXPLAIN THE BENEFITS AND POSSIBLE RISKS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING SURVEYS AND THE RESULTS OBTAINED IN A CLEAR AND UNAMBIGUOUS WAY. LEARNING SKILLS. LEARNING SKILLS THAT ENABLE THEM TO CONTINUE LEARNING. THE FOLLOWING LEARNING OBJECTIVES MUST BE ACQUIRED: TO COLLECT, ORGANIZE AND CORRECTLY INTERPRET INFORMATION; COLLECT PATIENT-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FROM CLINICAL DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS; USE TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATED WITH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS AS THE RIGHT SUPPORT FOR DIAGNOSTIC PRACTICES; MANAGE AN ARCHIVE FOR ITS SUBSEQUENT ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT.

THE MAIN OBJECTIVE IS TO PROVIDE THE SKILLS NECESSARY TO CORRECTLY INTERPRET THE REPORTS OF THE MAIN DISEASES, TO BE ABLE TO INCLUDE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING PROCEDURES IN THE APPROPRIATE DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES, AND TO PROVIDE THE MAIN KNOWLEDGE OF RADIOTHERAPY AND THERAPY WITH RADIONUCLIDES.
• KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. THE INTEGRATED COURSE HAS THE PURPOSE OF PUTTING THE STUDENT IN THE CONDITION OF KNOWING: THE NATURE OF THE BIOENERGIES USED IN DIAGNOSTICS, THEIR USE AND THE RISKS; THE PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL BASES OF THE MAIN METHODS, THEIR OPERATION AND THE IMAGE FORMATION CRITERIA; THE BIOCHEMICAL, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND PHARMACOKINETIC BASES, THE COLLATERAL AND SECONDARY EFFECTS OF CONTRAST MEANS; RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND GENERAL RADIOLOGICAL SEMEIOTICS; SEMEIOTICS AND DIAGNOSTIC PROTOCOLS OF THE MAIN DISEASES; THE TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES, GENERALITIES AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY AND RADIOTHERAPY; THE PRINCIPLES OF RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOPROTECTION AND THE REGULATIONS IN FORCE; UNDERSTAND HOW BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES (DEFINED BY GENDER) AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES (DEFINED BY GENDER) BY INFLUENCING THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF PATHOLOGIES AFFECT THE DEFINITION OF APPROPRIATENESS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY PROCEDURES.
• ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE MAIN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IMAGES FROM TRADITIONAL RADIOLOGY, COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY, ULTRASOUND, MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE. STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO APPLY THEIR KNOWLEDGE, HAVE THE CAPACITY TO UNDERSTAND AND ABILITY TO SOLVE PROBLEMS ON TOPICS INSERTED IN WIDE INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT. IN PARTICULAR, THE STUDENT SHOULD KNOW HOW TO EXERCISE THE CORRECT CLINICAL JUDGMENT TO ESTABLISH THE DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE BY IMAGES OR THE MOST APPROPRIATE PROCEDURES IN THE LIGHT OF EBM AND KNOW HOW TO ANALYZE AND INTERPRET THE RESULTS; FURTHERMORE, THE STUDENT MUST BE ABLE TO EVALUATE HOW SEX AND GENDER DIFFERENCES AFFECT THE CHOICE OF BOTH PROCEDURES AND DIAGNOSTIC-THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY.
• AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT. THE ABILITY TO INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE AND HANDLE COMPLEXITY, AS WELL AS TO MAKE JUDGMENTS ON THE BASIS OF AVAILABLE INFORMATION. STUDENTS MUST: KNOW HOW TO DISTINGUISH NORMAL PICTURES FROM THOSE ORIGINATED BY THE MAIN PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES; KNOWING HOW TO DISCUSS THE ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING OF THE MAIN ORGANS AND SYSTEMS WITH PARTICULAR REGARD TO THE INDICATIONS, THE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS AND THE LIMITS OF THE DIFFERENT METHODS IN THE MAIN PATHOLOGICAL PICTURES; DEFINE THE RATIONAL FOR THE CHOICE BY PRIORITY AND BY SEQUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT IMAGING METHODS IN THE DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH OF THE MAIN DISEASES; KNOWING HOW TO INTERPRET THE REPORTS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL PURPOSES, INTEGRATING THE WRITTEN TEXT WITH THE OBSERVATION OF THE IMAGES AND WITH THE CONSIDERATION OF OTHER DIAGNOSTIC ELEMENTS.
• COMMUNICATION SKILLS. COMPLETE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING REQUESTS TO PROVIDE RELEVANT CLINICAL INFORMATION AND ASKS CLEAR DIAGNOSTIC QUESTIONS. COMMUNICATE THE INFORMATION NECESSARY TO EXPLAIN THE BENEFITS AND POSSIBLE RISKS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING SURVEYS AND THE RESULTS OBTAINED IN A CLEAR AND UNAMBIGUOUS WAY.
LEARNING SKILLS. LEARNING SKILLS THAT ENABLE THEM TO CONTINUE LEARNING. THE FOLLOWING LEARNING OBJECTIVES MUST BE ACQUIRED: TO COLLECT, ORGANIZE AND CORRECTLY INTERPRET INFORMATION; COLLECT PATIENT-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FROM CLINICAL DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS; USE TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATED WITH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS AS THE RIGHT SUPPORT FOR DIAGNOSTIC PRACTICES; MANAGE AN ARCHIVE FOR ITS SUBSEQUENT ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT.

	Prerequisites
	IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND AND KNOW HOW TO APPLY THE TOPICS COVERED IN THE TEACHING THE STUDENT MUST HAVE ACQUIRED THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF PHYSICS, HUMAN ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY. PROPEDEUTICITY AND BARRINGS: PHYSICS, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY II.

	Contents
	THE COURSE CONSISTS OF ONE MODULE (DIAGNOSTICS FOR IMAGES AND RADIOTHERAPY, MED / 36) OF 5 CFU. THE COURSE INCLUDES 40 HOURS OF TEACHING IN THE FORM OF LESSONS AND THE TOPICS COVERED ARE: 1.NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF RADIATION. INTERACTIONS WITH MATTER 2.IONIZING AND NON-IONIZING RADIATION: BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 3.RADIATION PROTECTION OF THE PATIENT AND OF OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED WORKERS, LEGAL ISSUES 4.CONTRAST MEDIA: CHARACTERISTICS, INDICATIONS, SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS 5.FORMATION OF IMAGES: RADIOLOGY AND CT, NUCLEAR MEDICINE, ULTRASOUND, MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 6.RADIONUCLIDES, PRINCIPLES OF RADIOCHEMISTRY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, NUCLEAR MEDICINE TECHNIQUES, PRINCIPLES AND INDICATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY 7.RADIATION THERAPY TECHNIQUES, ELEMENTS OF CLINICAL DOSIMETRY. GENERAL INDICATIONS TO RADIATION THERAPY APY 8.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN HEAD AND NECK DISEASES 9.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN THORACIC DISEASES 10.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN BREAST DISEASES 11.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 12.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN ABDIMINAL AND GASTROENTERIC DISEASES 13.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN MUSCOLOSKELETAL DISEASES 14.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGICAL DISEASES 15.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN UROGENITAL DISEASES 16.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN SYSTEMIC DISEASES 17.PRINCIPLES AND INDICATIONS OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY 18.THE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING REPORT AND COPIES OF IMAGES: HOW TO INTERPRET THEM

Contents

THE COURSE CONSISTS OF ONE MODULE (DIAGNOSTICS FOR IMAGES AND RADIOTHERAPY, MED / 36) OF 5 CFU. THE COURSE INCLUDES 40 HOURS OF TEACHING IN THE FORM OF LESSONS AND THE TOPICS COVERED ARE:
1.NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF RADIATION. INTERACTIONS WITH MATTER
2.IONIZING AND NON-IONIZING RADIATION: BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
3.RADIATION PROTECTION OF THE PATIENT AND OF OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED WORKERS, LEGAL ISSUES
4.CONTRAST MEDIA: CHARACTERISTICS, INDICATIONS, SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
5.FORMATION OF IMAGES: RADIOLOGY AND CT, NUCLEAR MEDICINE, ULTRASOUND, MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
6.RADIONUCLIDES, PRINCIPLES OF RADIOCHEMISTRY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, NUCLEAR MEDICINE TECHNIQUES, PRINCIPLES AND INDICATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY
7.RADIATION THERAPY TECHNIQUES, ELEMENTS OF CLINICAL DOSIMETRY. GENERAL INDICATIONS TO RADIATION THERAPY APY
8.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN HEAD AND NECK DISEASES
9.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN THORACIC DISEASES
10.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN BREAST DISEASES
11.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
12.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN ABDIMINAL AND GASTROENTERIC DISEASES
13.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN MUSCOLOSKELETAL DISEASES
14.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGICAL DISEASES
15.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN UROGENITAL DISEASES
16.DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN SYSTEMIC DISEASES
17.PRINCIPLES AND INDICATIONS OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
18.THE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING REPORT AND COPIES OF IMAGES: HOW TO INTERPRET THEM

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE INCLUDES LECTURES (5 CFU), WHICH TAKE PLACE IN THE CLASSROOM WITH THE AID OF SLIDES. ATTENDANCE OF LESSONS IN THE CLASSROOM IS MANDATORY. IN ORDER TO TAKE THE FINAL EXAM, THE STUDENT MUST HAVE ATTENDED AT LEAST 75% OF THE SCHEDULED HOURS LEAST 75% OF THEM. THE METHOD OF CHECKING THE PRESENCE IS NOTED BY THE TEACHER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE LESSONS.

	Verification of learning
	THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE IS CERTIFIED BY PASSING AN EXAM WITH EVALUATION IN THIRTIES CONSISTING IN WRITTEN AND ORAL TESTS. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING WILL BE ASSESSED BY A WRITTEN TEST WITH MULTIPLE ANSWERED QUESTIONS (28 QUESTIONS) OR OPEN ANSWER (2 QUESTIONS). THE EVALUATION OF THE WRITTEN TEST FORESEES 1 POINT FOR EACH CORRECT ANSWER AND - 1/3 OF A POINT FOR WRONG OR NOT GIVEN ANSWER. THE OUTCOME OF THE WRITTEN EXAM IS PREPARATORY TO THE ORAL EXAM AND A MINIMUM SCORE OF 18/30 IS REQUIRED TO ACCESS THE ORAL EXAM.THE ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING AND THE AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT WILL BE ASSESSED WITH THE ORAL TEST BY ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL CASES AND REASONED DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES. THE WRITTEN TEST AND THE ORAL EXAMINATION ARE TAKEN ON THE SAME DAY. THE WRITTEN TEST IS PREPARED TO THE ORAL TEST AND PROVIDES A MINIMUM MARK (18/30) TO ACCESS THE ORAL TEST. THE EXAM TEST IS AIMED AT ASSESSING THE STUDENT'S ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE DISCIPLINE. THE VOTE, EXPRESSED IN THIRTIES WITH POSSIBLE PRAISE, WILL DEPEND ON THE MATURITY ACQUIRED ON THE CONTENT OF THE COURSE. FOR THE PURPOSE OF AWARDING THE PRAISE, THE QUALITY OF THE EXHIBITION WILL BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT, IN TERMS OF THE USE OF APPROPRIATE SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE AND THE PROVEN AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT.

Verification of learning

THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE IS CERTIFIED BY PASSING AN EXAM WITH EVALUATION IN THIRTIES CONSISTING IN WRITTEN AND ORAL TESTS. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING WILL BE ASSESSED BY A WRITTEN TEST WITH MULTIPLE ANSWERED QUESTIONS (28 QUESTIONS) OR OPEN ANSWER (2 QUESTIONS). THE EVALUATION OF THE WRITTEN TEST FORESEES 1 POINT FOR EACH CORRECT ANSWER AND - 1/3 OF A POINT FOR WRONG OR NOT GIVEN ANSWER. THE OUTCOME OF THE WRITTEN EXAM IS PREPARATORY TO THE ORAL EXAM AND A MINIMUM SCORE OF 18/30 IS REQUIRED TO ACCESS THE ORAL EXAM.THE ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING AND THE AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT WILL BE ASSESSED WITH THE ORAL TEST BY ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL CASES AND REASONED DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES. THE WRITTEN TEST AND THE ORAL EXAMINATION ARE TAKEN ON THE SAME DAY. THE WRITTEN TEST IS PREPARED TO THE ORAL TEST AND PROVIDES A MINIMUM MARK (18/30) TO ACCESS THE ORAL TEST.
THE EXAM TEST IS AIMED AT ASSESSING THE STUDENT'S ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE DISCIPLINE. THE VOTE, EXPRESSED IN THIRTIES WITH POSSIBLE PRAISE, WILL DEPEND ON THE MATURITY ACQUIRED ON THE CONTENT OF THE COURSE. FOR THE PURPOSE OF AWARDING THE PRAISE, THE QUALITY OF THE EXHIBITION WILL BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT, IN TERMS OF THE USE OF APPROPRIATE SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE AND THE PROVEN AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT.

	Texts
	- P. TORRICELLI, M. ZOMPATORI. MANUALE DI DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI. ED.ESCULAPIO (PAGG 710), 2016 -AA.VV. DAL SINTOMO ALL'IMAGING...DALL'IMAGING ALLA RADIOTERAPIA. ED. IDELSON (PAGG 660), 2018 - W. HERRING. CAPIRE LA RADIOLOGIA: LE BASI DELLA DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGII. PICCIN (PAGG 398), 2020 - F. GIOVAGNORIO. MANUALE DI DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI NELLA PRATICA MEDICA (PAGG 362). 2021

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	SEX AND GENDER DIFFERENCES WILL BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION IN THE COURSE CONTENTS

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Leonardo PACE | DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY