Nunziatina DE TOMMASI | HERBAL DRUGS AND PHARMACOGNOSY

cod. 0760300015

HERBAL DRUGS AND PHARMACOGNOSY

	0760300015
	DIPARTIMENTO DI FARMACIA
	EQF7
	PHARMACY
	2024/2025

PERCORSO PHARMACY

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 3
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2023
	AUTUMN SEMESTER

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	BIO/15	6	48	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

PROFESSORS

	NUNZIATINA DE TOMMASI T Curriculum
	TERESA MENCHERINI Curriculum

EXAMS

	Exam	Date	Session
	GENNAIO	27/01/2025	SESSIONE ORDINARIA
	GENNAIO	27/01/2025	SESSIONE DI RECUPERO

	Objectives
	THE STUDENT WILL BE GUIDED IN THE ACQUISITION OF DATA OF THE PLANT IDENTIFICATION, THE CHEMICAL FEATURES, STANDARDIZATION, QUALITY CONTROL AND THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE MAIN HERBAL DRUGS IN PHARMACEUTICS, PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY, AND IN FOOD SUPPLEMENTS. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: KNOWLEDGE OF PLANTS AND DRUGS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTEREST; OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF BOTANICALS, CONTROL FACTORS OF HEALTH-PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY AND STANDARDIZATION (FROM THE PLANT TO THE FINAL PRODUCTS); APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE THE MAIN GROUPS OF PLANTS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTEREST AND ANALYSIS CAPACITY AND CRITICAL INTERVENTION ON THE DRUG-PLANT VALUE CHAIN;

THE STUDENT WILL BE GUIDED IN THE ACQUISITION OF DATA OF THE PLANT IDENTIFICATION, THE CHEMICAL FEATURES, STANDARDIZATION, QUALITY CONTROL AND THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE MAIN HERBAL DRUGS IN PHARMACEUTICS, PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY, AND IN FOOD SUPPLEMENTS.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
KNOWLEDGE OF PLANTS AND DRUGS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTEREST; OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF BOTANICALS, CONTROL FACTORS OF HEALTH-PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY AND STANDARDIZATION (FROM THE PLANT TO THE FINAL PRODUCTS);
APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE THE MAIN GROUPS OF PLANTS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTEREST AND ANALYSIS CAPACITY AND CRITICAL INTERVENTION ON THE DRUG-PLANT VALUE CHAIN;

	Prerequisites
	ALL THE COURSES OF THE 1TH YEAR ARE PROPAEDEUTIC COURSE AND BIOCHEMISTRY

	Contents
	DEFINITION, HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND SCOPE OF PHARMACOGNOSY. HERBAL DRUGS AND ACTIVE PRINCIPLES. PLANT NOMENCLATURE AND TAXONOMY. METABOLIC PATHWAYS PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLISM. PRODUCTION OF ACTIVE PRINCIPLE. FACTORS AFFECTING SECONDARY METABOLITES PRODUCTION IN PLANTS, QUALITY CONTROL ASSESSMENT OF HERBAL DRUGS AND MEDICINAL PLANT PRODUCTS. (12 H, 1 CFU) CARBOHYDRATES INTRODUCTION AND CLASSIFICATION. BOTANICAL SOURCE, MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES, BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS, THERAPEUTIC USES. MONOSACCHARIDE, DISACCHARIDES, POLYSACCHARIDES (GUM AND MUCILAGE). MANNA, ALTHAEA OFFICINALIS, MALVA SYLVESTRIS, PLANTAGO PSYLLIUM ( 2 H, 1/4 CFU). TERPENOIDS. BOTANICAL SOURCE. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF HERBAL DRUGS. CHEMISTRY. THERAPEUTIC USES. ESSENTIAL OIL. IRIDOIDS AND MONOTERPENES : MINT, EUCALYPTUS, SAGE, LAVENDER, CAMPHOR TREE, THYMUS, ROSEMARY, CITRUS SSP. SESQUITERPENES: CHAMOMILE, ARTEMISIA, ABSINTHE. RESINS. TRITERPENES: LIQUORICE, GINSENG, HORSE-CHESTNUT. STEROIDS: DIGITALI, STROFANTO, SCILLA. SAPONINE STEROIDEE (RUSCO) (10 H, 2 CFU). POLYPHENOLS. BOTANICAL SOURCE. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURESOF HERBAL DRUGS. CHEMISTRY. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, THERAPEUTIC USES. PHENYLPROPANOIDS, (WILLOW, CAPSICUM ANNUUM , ARTICHOKE, ANISE AND BALSAMI). FLAVONOIDS, ISOFLAVONOIDS AND FLAVONOLIGNANS (RUTA GRAVEOLENS, MILK THISTLE, PROPOLIS, SOY, THE). ANTOCIANI (VACCINIUM SSP), PROANTOCIANIDINE (COMMON HAWTHORN), TANNINS (HAMAMELIS, GALLS). (8H, 1 CFU) ALKALOIDS. BOTANICAL SOURCE. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF HERBAL DRUG. CHEMISTRY. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY. THERAPEUTIC USES. PHENETHYLAMINE ALKALOIDS : EPHEDRA, MESCAL BUTTONS, COLCHICUM SEED. ISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS: CURARE, OPIUM, GOLDENSEAL, BOLDO, IPECACUANHA. INDOLE ALKALOIDS: CALABAR BEAN, ERGOT, VINCA. TROPHANE ALKALOIDS: BELLADONNA, STRAMONIUM, HYOSCYAMUS, DATURA. PURINES: COFFEE, TEA, GUARANA (6 H, 1 CFU) LABORATORY CLASSES.·DURING LABORATORY CLASSES, STUDENTS WILL RECOGNIZE AND IDENTIFY DIFFERENT BOTH MACROSCOPICALLY AND MICROSCOPICALLY HERBAL DRUGS WITH A PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECT . STUDENTS WILL PREPARE TWO HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS STARTING FROM MEDICINAL PLANT AND EVALUATE THE DIFFERENT COMPOSITION IN TERPENOIDS, FLAVONOIDS AND PHENOLIC ACIDS VIA TLC ASSAY OR CHEMICAL ASSAY.

Contents

DEFINITION, HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND SCOPE OF PHARMACOGNOSY. HERBAL DRUGS AND ACTIVE PRINCIPLES. PLANT NOMENCLATURE AND TAXONOMY. METABOLIC PATHWAYS PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLISM. PRODUCTION OF ACTIVE PRINCIPLE. FACTORS AFFECTING SECONDARY METABOLITES PRODUCTION IN PLANTS, QUALITY CONTROL ASSESSMENT OF HERBAL DRUGS AND MEDICINAL PLANT PRODUCTS. (12 H, 1 CFU)
CARBOHYDRATES INTRODUCTION AND CLASSIFICATION. BOTANICAL SOURCE, MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES, BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS, THERAPEUTIC USES. MONOSACCHARIDE, DISACCHARIDES, POLYSACCHARIDES (GUM AND MUCILAGE). MANNA, ALTHAEA OFFICINALIS, MALVA SYLVESTRIS, PLANTAGO PSYLLIUM ( 2 H, 1/4 CFU).
TERPENOIDS. BOTANICAL SOURCE. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF HERBAL DRUGS. CHEMISTRY. THERAPEUTIC USES. ESSENTIAL OIL. IRIDOIDS AND MONOTERPENES : MINT, EUCALYPTUS, SAGE, LAVENDER, CAMPHOR TREE, THYMUS, ROSEMARY, CITRUS SSP. SESQUITERPENES: CHAMOMILE, ARTEMISIA, ABSINTHE. RESINS. TRITERPENES: LIQUORICE, GINSENG, HORSE-CHESTNUT. STEROIDS: DIGITALI, STROFANTO, SCILLA. SAPONINE STEROIDEE (RUSCO) (10 H, 2 CFU).
POLYPHENOLS. BOTANICAL SOURCE. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURESOF HERBAL DRUGS. CHEMISTRY. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, THERAPEUTIC USES. PHENYLPROPANOIDS, (WILLOW, CAPSICUM ANNUUM , ARTICHOKE, ANISE AND BALSAMI). FLAVONOIDS, ISOFLAVONOIDS AND FLAVONOLIGNANS (RUTA GRAVEOLENS, MILK THISTLE, PROPOLIS, SOY, THE). ANTOCIANI (VACCINIUM SSP), PROANTOCIANIDINE (COMMON HAWTHORN), TANNINS (HAMAMELIS, GALLS). (8H, 1 CFU)
ALKALOIDS. BOTANICAL SOURCE. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF HERBAL DRUG. CHEMISTRY. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY. THERAPEUTIC USES. PHENETHYLAMINE ALKALOIDS : EPHEDRA, MESCAL BUTTONS, COLCHICUM SEED. ISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS: CURARE, OPIUM, GOLDENSEAL, BOLDO, IPECACUANHA. INDOLE ALKALOIDS: CALABAR BEAN, ERGOT, VINCA. TROPHANE ALKALOIDS: BELLADONNA, STRAMONIUM, HYOSCYAMUS, DATURA. PURINES: COFFEE, TEA, GUARANA (6 H, 1 CFU)

LABORATORY CLASSES.·DURING LABORATORY CLASSES, STUDENTS WILL RECOGNIZE AND IDENTIFY DIFFERENT BOTH MACROSCOPICALLY AND MICROSCOPICALLY HERBAL DRUGS WITH A PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECT .
STUDENTS WILL PREPARE TWO HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS STARTING FROM MEDICINAL PLANT AND EVALUATE THE DIFFERENT COMPOSITION IN TERPENOIDS, FLAVONOIDS AND PHENOLIC ACIDS VIA TLC ASSAY OR CHEMICAL ASSAY.

	Teaching Methods
	LECTURES (48 H) WILL BE CONDUCTED THROUGH THE AID OF A POWER POINT SUPPORT. IT IS PLANNED TO SHOW PRESENTATIONS FULL OF PICTURES, GRAPHS AND DIAGRAMS THAT ENABLE MAXIMUM UNDERSTANDING AND SYNTHESIS OF THE TOPICS COVERED. THE LESSON IS SET ON AN INTERACTIVE TEACHER-STUDENT DIALOGUE. THE ATTENDANCE TO THE LECTURES OF THE COURSE IS MANDATORY. THE TEACHER WILL COMMUNICATE THE MODE OF ATTENDANCE CONTROL ON THE FIRST LECTURE OF THE COURSE. STUDENTS WHO FAIL TO SATISFY THE ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENT, WILL BE REQUIRED TO ATTEND A SERIAL OF INFORMAL TUTORIALS ACCORDING TO THE TEACHER'S INSTRUCTION

Teaching Methods

LECTURES (48 H) WILL BE CONDUCTED THROUGH THE AID OF A POWER POINT SUPPORT. IT IS PLANNED TO SHOW PRESENTATIONS FULL OF PICTURES, GRAPHS AND DIAGRAMS THAT ENABLE MAXIMUM UNDERSTANDING AND SYNTHESIS OF THE TOPICS COVERED. THE LESSON IS SET ON AN INTERACTIVE TEACHER-STUDENT DIALOGUE.
THE ATTENDANCE TO THE LECTURES OF THE COURSE IS MANDATORY. THE TEACHER WILL COMMUNICATE THE MODE OF ATTENDANCE CONTROL ON THE FIRST LECTURE OF THE COURSE. STUDENTS WHO FAIL TO SATISFY THE ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENT, WILL BE REQUIRED TO ATTEND A SERIAL OF INFORMAL TUTORIALS ACCORDING TO THE TEACHER'S INSTRUCTION

	Verification of learning
	THE EXAMINATION TESTS ARE INTENDED TO ENSURE THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE AIMS OF TEACHING. WRITTEN EXAMINATION COMPREHENSIVE OF 14 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS, AN 4 OPEN QUESTIONS (DETAILED ANSWERS), (MAX 120 MINUTES) REGARDING THE MAIN LEARNING OUTCOMES. DURING THE COURSE, STUDENTS HAVE ALSO THE POSSIBILITY TO TAKE TWO PARTIAL WRITTEN TESTS, FOCUSED ON THE TOPICS INCLUDED IN THE SYLLABUS. -A FIRST WRITTEN TEST, COMPREHENSIVE OF 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AND 4 OPEN QUESTIONS ON INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOGNOSY, PLANT, HERBAL DRUGS AND HERBAL PREPARATION QUALITY CONTROL, MONOSACCHARIDE, DISACCHARIDES, POLYSACCHARIDES, (75 MIN. AVAILABLE, MAXIMUM SCORE 30 POINTS, MINIMUM SCORE 18 POINTS TO BE PASSED): (1TH WEEK OF NOVEMBER) -A SECOND WRITTEN TEST, COMPREHENSIVE OF 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AND 4 OPEN QUESTIONS ON CLASSIFICATION, SOURCES AND BIOACTIVITY OF: MONOTERPENES AND DRUGS CONTAINING MONOTERPENES. SESQUITERPENES AND DRUGS CONTAINING SESQUITERPENES. DITERPENES AND DRUGS CONTAINING DITERPENES, GLYCOSIDES. HERBAL DRUGS SAPONINS. PHENOLIC GLYCOSIDES, FLAVONOIDS, PHENYLPROPANOIDS AND THEIR DRUGS,(75 MIN. AVAILABLE, MAXIMUM SCORE 30 POINTS, MINIMUM SCORE 18 POINTS TO BE PASSED): (1TH WEEK OF DECEMBER) THE ASSESSMENT OF THE SUCCESS OF THE PLANNED COURSE WILL BE DETERMINED WHETHER THE STUDENT HAS ACQUIRED GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE COURSE CONTENTS, AND IF THE STUDENT GAINED THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF BOTANICALS AND HAS THE BASIC SKILLS TO RECOGNIZE AND DESCRIBE THEIR CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICA ACTIVITY, PHARMACEUTICAL USE. THE STUDENT HAVE TO DEMONSTRATE CRITICAL THOUGHT AND AWARENESS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE FIELD OF STUDY.

Verification of learning

THE EXAMINATION TESTS ARE INTENDED TO ENSURE THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE AIMS OF TEACHING. WRITTEN EXAMINATION COMPREHENSIVE OF 14 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS, AN 4 OPEN QUESTIONS (DETAILED ANSWERS), (MAX 120 MINUTES) REGARDING THE MAIN LEARNING OUTCOMES.
DURING THE COURSE, STUDENTS HAVE ALSO THE POSSIBILITY TO TAKE TWO PARTIAL WRITTEN TESTS, FOCUSED ON THE TOPICS INCLUDED IN THE SYLLABUS.
-A FIRST WRITTEN TEST, COMPREHENSIVE OF 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AND 4 OPEN QUESTIONS ON INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOGNOSY, PLANT, HERBAL DRUGS AND HERBAL PREPARATION QUALITY CONTROL, MONOSACCHARIDE, DISACCHARIDES, POLYSACCHARIDES, (75 MIN. AVAILABLE, MAXIMUM SCORE 30 POINTS, MINIMUM SCORE 18 POINTS TO BE PASSED): (1TH WEEK OF NOVEMBER)
-A SECOND WRITTEN TEST, COMPREHENSIVE OF 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AND 4 OPEN QUESTIONS ON CLASSIFICATION, SOURCES AND BIOACTIVITY OF: MONOTERPENES AND DRUGS CONTAINING MONOTERPENES. SESQUITERPENES AND DRUGS CONTAINING SESQUITERPENES. DITERPENES AND DRUGS CONTAINING DITERPENES, GLYCOSIDES. HERBAL DRUGS SAPONINS. PHENOLIC GLYCOSIDES, FLAVONOIDS, PHENYLPROPANOIDS AND THEIR DRUGS,(75 MIN. AVAILABLE, MAXIMUM SCORE 30 POINTS, MINIMUM SCORE 18 POINTS TO BE PASSED): (1TH WEEK OF DECEMBER)

THE ASSESSMENT OF THE SUCCESS OF THE PLANNED COURSE WILL BE DETERMINED WHETHER THE STUDENT HAS ACQUIRED GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE COURSE CONTENTS, AND IF THE STUDENT GAINED THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF BOTANICALS AND HAS THE BASIC SKILLS TO RECOGNIZE AND DESCRIBE THEIR CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICA ACTIVITY, PHARMACEUTICAL USE. THE STUDENT HAVE TO DEMONSTRATE CRITICAL THOUGHT AND AWARENESS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE FIELD OF STUDY.

	Texts
	NOTES OF LESSONS IT IS RECOMMENDED THE USE OF FOLLOWING BOOKS BOTANICA FARMACEUTICA E FARMACOGNOSIA PIANTE OFFICINALI, DROGHE E PRODOTTI ERBORISTICI GIANNI SACCHETTI, HOEPLI. FARMACOGNOSIA E FITOTERAPIA;AUTORI: GABRIELA MAZZANTI - MARIO DELL'AGLI - ANGELO A. IZZO. EDITORE PICCIN FONDAMENTI DI FARMACOGNOSIA E FITOTERAPIA DI MICHAEL HEINRICH, J. BARNES, S. GIBBONS, E. M. WILIAMSON, N. GALEOTTI (A CURA DI) EDRA (ELSEVIER) DEWICK PAUL M., CHIMICA, BIOSINTESI E BIOATTIVITÀ DELLE SOSTANZE NATURALI 2/ED.- EDIZIONE ITALIANA A CURA DI ERNESTO FATTORUSSO [DEWICK - PICCIN EDITORE] G. SAMUELSSON FARMACOGNOSIA - FARMACI DI ORIGINE NATURALE. SECONDA EDIZIONE ITALIANA A CURA DI: F. CAPASSO, R. DE PASQUALE, I. MORELLI, CASA EDITRICE EMSI, ROMA. - MANUALE DELLE PREPARAZIONI ERBORISTICHE: FITOTERAPICI, FITOCOSMETICI, PRODOTTI ERBORISTICI, INTEGRATORI ALIMENTARI A BASE DI PIANTE. CASA EDITRICE: TECNICHE NUOVE 2009 SLIDES AVAILABLE ON TEAMS

Texts

NOTES OF LESSONS

IT IS RECOMMENDED THE USE OF FOLLOWING BOOKS
BOTANICA FARMACEUTICA E FARMACOGNOSIA
PIANTE OFFICINALI, DROGHE E PRODOTTI ERBORISTICI
GIANNI SACCHETTI, HOEPLI.
FARMACOGNOSIA E FITOTERAPIA;AUTORI: GABRIELA MAZZANTI - MARIO DELL'AGLI - ANGELO A. IZZO. EDITORE PICCIN
FONDAMENTI DI FARMACOGNOSIA E FITOTERAPIA DI MICHAEL HEINRICH, J. BARNES, S. GIBBONS, E. M. WILIAMSON, N. GALEOTTI (A CURA DI) EDRA (ELSEVIER)
DEWICK PAUL M., CHIMICA, BIOSINTESI E BIOATTIVITÀ DELLE SOSTANZE NATURALI 2/ED.- EDIZIONE ITALIANA A CURA DI ERNESTO FATTORUSSO [DEWICK - PICCIN EDITORE]
G. SAMUELSSON FARMACOGNOSIA - FARMACI DI ORIGINE NATURALE. SECONDA EDIZIONE ITALIANA A CURA DI: F. CAPASSO, R. DE PASQUALE, I. MORELLI, CASA EDITRICE EMSI, ROMA.
- MANUALE DELLE PREPARAZIONI ERBORISTICHE: FITOTERAPICI, FITOCOSMETICI, PRODOTTI ERBORISTICI, INTEGRATORI ALIMENTARI A BASE DI PIANTE. CASA EDITRICE: TECNICHE NUOVE 2009

SLIDES AVAILABLE ON TEAMS

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Nunziatina DE TOMMASI | HERBAL DRUGS AND PHARMACOGNOSY