BIOMATERIALS

Lucia CAPORASO BIOMATERIALS

0522300058
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY "ADOLFO ZAMBELLI"
EQF7
CHEMISTRY
2024/2025

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 1
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2016
FULL ACADEMIC YEAR
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
972LESSONS
112EXERCISES
224LAB
Objectives
THE GENERAL AIMS OF THE COURSE ARE IN LINE WITH THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAM, WHICH IS TO TRAIN A PROFESSIONAL FIGURE WHO HAS THE ABILITY TO DEVELOP AND APPLY ORIGINAL IDEAS TO PROBLEMS OF A PRACTICAL NATURE (IN PRODUCTION OR ANALYTICAL FIELDS) OR TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH.
PART 1: 'BIOPOLYMERS'. AMONG BIOMATERIALS, A SPECIFIC SPACE WITHIN A MODULE OF THE COURSE WILL BE DEDICATED TO POLYMERS WITH THE AIM OF PROVIDING THE FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES, BOTH NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC, AND THEIR BEHAVIOR IN CONTACT WITH BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. A FURTHER TRAINING OBJECTIVE IS TO PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR THE DESIGN OF POLYMERIC STRUCTURES FOR TARGETED BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS.
PART 2: 'MEDICAL DEVICES AND INTERACTION WITH BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS'. IN DETAIL, THE SPECIFIC AIM OF THE COURSE IS TO PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH THE KNOWLEDGE, AND THE ABILITY TO APPLY THE SAME, OF THE MOST WIDELY USED MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS (BIO-MATERIALS

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE IS TO ENABLE THE STUDENT TO GAIN KNOWLEDGE, WITH THE SUPPORT OF ADVANCED TEXTBOOKS, OF CUTTING-EDGE TOPICS IN THE FIELD OF MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS, ELABORATING AND/OR APPLYING ORIGINAL IDEAS, POSSIBLY ALSO IN A RESEARCH CONTEXT.
IN DETAIL, THE STUDENT WILL HAVE KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
- OF THE CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMATERIALS (MATERIALS USED FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS) THAT AFFECT THE INTERACTION OF THESE MATERIALS WITH BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
- THE CLASSES OF MATERIALS USED IN MEDICINE (CERAMICS, METALS, POLYMERS, COMPOSITES)
- THE APPLICATIONS OF BIOMATERIALS IN THE MOST COMMON MEDICAL DEVICES
- THE MOST IMPORTANT THERAPEUTIC DEVICES (JOINT AND DENTAL PROSTHESES, CARDIOVASCULAR DEVICES, CATHETERS, DEVICES FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY, NEPHROLOGY, CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY APPLICATIONS, ETC.)
- THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPLANTATION (IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPONSE, INFECTIONS, STERILIZATION TECHNIQUES, ETC.) TOGETHER WITH THEIR POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS.
IN THE CASE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS, HE/SHE WILL ALSO HAVE DEVELOPED AN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW SYNTHESIS PROCESSES AND TECHNIQUES ARE DECISIVE IN OBTAINING A BIOMATERIAL WITH DEFINED PROPERTIES


APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: THE AIM OF THE TEACHING IS TO ENABLE THE STUDENT TO DEVISE AND SUPPORT ARGUMENTS RELATING TO THE ISSUES
- OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMATERIALS AND IN DETAIL OF BIOPOLYMERS ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THESE AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
- THE RECOGNITION OF THE APPLICATION POTENTIAL OF A MATERIAL IN THE BIOMEDICAL FIELD.
IN DETAIL, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO SOLVE PROBLEMS IN NEW (I.E. UNFAMILIAR) AREAS, SET IN INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXTS (E.G. RELATED TO PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, ENGINEERING, BIOLOGICAL, MEDICAL, ETHICAL ASPECTS ETC.) CONCERNING
- THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CLASSES OF BIOMATERIALS AND BIOLOGICAL TISSUES
- THE RECOGNITION OF THE APPLICATION POTENTIAL OF A BIOMATERIAL WITHIN THE MOST WELL-KNOWN AND WIDESPREAD MEDICAL DEVICES.

MAKING JUDGMENTS: THE COURSE WILL ENABLE STUDENTS TO COLLECT AND INTERPRET DATA ON
- THE CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMATERIALS
- THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CLASSES OF BIOMATERIALS AND BIOLOGICAL TISSUES
IN DETAIL, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO AUTONOMOUSLY INTEGRATE HIS OR HER KNOWLEDGE IN ORDER TO MANAGE THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE APPLICATIONS OF THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF BIOMATERIALS WITHIN THE MOST WELL-KNOWN AND WIDESPREAD MEDICAL DEVICES, MAKING JUDGEMENTS EVEN WITH INCOMPLETE DATA.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS: THE TEACHING WILL ENABLE THE STUDENT TO COMMUNICATE, TO SPECIALISTS AND NON-SPECIALISTS, CONCEPTS AND CONCLUSIONS, AS WELL AS THE RATIONALE BEHIND THEM, RESULTING FROM THE KNOWLEDGE HE/SHE HAS ACQUIRED, CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF BIOMATERIALS (BELONGING TO THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF MATERIALS) FOR THE REALIZATION OF SPECIFIC MEDICAL DEVICES, WHETHER KNOWN OR ONLY PROPOSED FOR DESIGN AND TESTING.

LEARNING SKILL: THE TEACHING WILL PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH THE NECESSARY SKILLS FOR SELF-DIRECTED AND AUTONOMOUS STUDY, ENABLING THEM TO FIND INDIVIDUAL PATHS TO TACKLE THE COMPLEX AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROBLEMS OF THE APPLICATION OF BIOMATERIALS FOR THE REALISATION OF KNOWN OR INNOVATIVE MEDICAL DEVICES.

Prerequisites
NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY, AS WELL AS THOSE OF MATERIAL SCIENCE AND POLYMER CHEMISTRY
Contents
1) FIRST PART (SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF POLYMER BIOMATERIALS. PROF. L. CAPORASO):
NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC BIOPOLYMERS.TYPES OF POLYMERS AND POLYMERIZATIONS. COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF POLYMERS. POLYMERIZATION MECHANISMS. MOLECULAR MASS. PHYSICAL STATE OF POLYMERS (10 HOURS FRONTAL AND 4 HOURS OF EXERCISES).
POLYMERIZATION KINETICS AND THERMODYNAMICS, STEPWISE POLYMERIZATION, CHAIN POLYMERIZATION, RING OPENING AND CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATIONS (10 HOURS FRONTAL AND 4 HOURS OF EXERCISES).
STUDY OF THE SYNTHESIS AND OF THE DESIGN OF THE MAIN BIOSTABLE AND BIORESORBABLE POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS (10 HOURS FRONTAL AND 4 HOURS OF EXERCISES).
SYNTHESIS OF THE MAIN POLYMERIC MATERIALS USEFUL FOR THE CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY AND FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING (10 HOURS FRONTAL). VISIT TO INDUSTRIAL PLANTS AND POLYMER SYNTHESIS.

2) SECOND PART (BIOMATERIALS: MEDICAL DEVICES AND INTERACTION WITH BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; PROF. V. VENDITTO)
- INTRODUCTION: HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF BIOMATERIALS, IMPLANTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES; POSSIBLE CLASSIFICATIONS OF BIOMATERIALS (EFFECTS ON MATERIAL / ORGANISM, APPLICATION, CHEMICAL NATURE); FOUNDATIONS OF LEGISLATION AND FOR THE DESIGN OF MEDICAL DEVICES; COMPATIBILITY AND RELIABILITY OF MEDICAL DEVICES; FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE SUCCESS OF THE IMPLANTS -6 HOURS FRONTAL, 4 HOURS OF EXERCISES
- PROPERTIES OF BIOMATERIALS: BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES (BIOCOMPATIBILITY / TOXICITY); MASS PROPERTIES (MECHANICAL / VISCOELASTIC); RESILIENCE; FRICTION, WEAR, MECHANICAL AND FATIGUE FRACTURE; FLUID DEFORMATIONS; SURFACE PROPERTIES AND SURFACE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES - 10 HOURS FRONTAL, 8 HOURS EXERCISES
- TISSUE-BIOMATERIAL INTERACTION: FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY; THE ROLE OF THE SURFACE OF BIOMATERIALS IN THE INTERACTION WITH TISSUES; - 4 HOURS FRONTAL, 4 HOUR EXERCISES
- CLASSES OF MATERIALS USED FOR BIO-MEDICAL APPLICATIONS: METALS, CERAMICS, POLYMERS -12 HOURS FRONT
- EXAMPLES OF MEDICAL DEVICES BASED ON METALLIC, CERAMIC, POLYMERIC MATERIALS -8 HOURS OF EXERCIS
Teaching Methods
THE COURSE CONSISTS OF LECTURES, EXERCISES AND LABORATORY ACTIVITIES. THE EXERCISES AND LABORATORY ACTIVITIES HAVE THE OBJECTIVE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOMATERIALS. VISITS TO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION LABORATORIES OF BIOMATERIALS ARE ALSO PLANNED.
ATTENDANCE OF CLASSROOM LESSONS IS NOT OBLIGATORY, THAT OF EXERCISES AND GUIDED TOURS ARE STRONGLY RECOMMENDED

Verification of learning
THE PURPOSE OF THE EXAMINATION IS TO VERIFY THAT THE STUDENT ACHIEVED THE EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES PROVIDED FOR BY THE COURSE.
THE EXAM IS STRUCTURED IN TWO ORAL TESTS; ONE AT THE END OF EACH MODULE. BOTH SINGLE ORAL TESTS WILL BE OF THE ORIENTATIVE DURATION OF 45 MINUTES. THE STUDENT WILL NEED TO ANSWER A SERIES OF QUESTIONS COVERING ABOUT 75% OF THE TOPICS COVERED IN THE RELEVANT FORM. IN DETAIL, FOR THE FIRST MODULE THE KINETICS AND THERMODYNAMICS OF THE MAIN REACTION MECHANISMS OF THE MOST COMMON POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS, AS WELL AS THE CORRESPONDING POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES WILL BE EXAMINATION TOPICS, WHILE FOR THE SECOND MODULE THE MOST USED MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS AND THE MOST IMPORTANT MEDICAL DEVICES FOR WHICH THEY ARE USED.
THE MINIMUM MARK FOR PASSING THE EXAM IS 18/30 AND IS AWARDED WHEN THE STUDENT SHOWS A LIMITED KNOWLEDGE FOR THE FIRST MODULE OF THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MOST COMMON BIOMATERIALS, FOR THE SECOND MODULE OF THE MOST COMMON BIOMATERIALS AND MOST IMPORTANT MEDICAL DEVICES FOR WHICH THEY ARE USED. FOR BOTH MODULES THE MAXIMUM VOTE (30/30) IS AWARDED WHEN THE STUDENT SHOWS A COMPLETE AND IN-DEPTH KNOWLEDGE, FOR FIRST MODULE THE KINETICS AND THERMODYNAMICS OF THE MAIN REACTION MECHANISMS OF THE MOST COMMON POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS, AS WELL AS THE CORRESPONDING POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES, FOR THE SECOND MODULE, OF THE MOST COMMON BIOMATERIALS OF THE MECHANISMS OF INTERACTION WITH BIOLOGICAL TISSUES AND OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MEDICAL DEVICES THAT USE BIOMATERIALS.
THE FINAL VOTE IS GIVEN BY THE AVERAGE OF THE VOTES GIVEN IN EACH ORAL TEST.
FOR BOTH MODULES, PRAISE MAY BE ATTRIBUTED TO STUDENTS WHO REACH THE MAXIMUM VOTE OF 30/30 AND WHO SHOW TO BE ABLE TO APPLY AUTONOMY KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS ACQUIRED EVEN IN CONTEXTS OTHER THAN THOSE PROPOSED IN THE LESSON
Texts
PARTE I: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING III ED. WILLIAM D. CALLISTER, DAVID G.RETHWISCH EDISES SRL EDITION 2012 NAPLES; POLYMER CHEMISTRY- P.C. HIEMENS
PRINCIPLES OF POLYMERIZATION , G. ODIAN, WILEY INTERSCIENCE
MACROMOLECOLE, AIM - (PACINI EDITORE)

PARTE II: BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (THIRD EDITION) AN INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS IN MEDICINE, EDITED BY: BUDDY D. RATNER, ALLAN S. HOFFMAN, FREDERICK J. SCHOEN AND JACK E. LEMONS, ISBN: 978-0-12-374626-9
BIOMATERIALI. DALLA SCIENZA DEI MATERIALI ALLE APPLICAZIONI CLINICHE; CARLO DI BELLO, ANDREA BAGNO; PÀTRON EDITORE, 2° EDIZIONE 2016, BOLOGNA; ISBN-10 : 8855533320 - ISBN-13 : 978-8855533324
COURSE SLIDES AND ADDITIONAL EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE BY THE TEACHER BOTH IN PAPER AND DIGITAL FORM
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COURSE LANGUAGE: ITALIAN

ALWAYS CONTACT THE TEACHER BEFORE THE EXAM

EMAIL:
LCAPORASO@UNISA.IT
VVENDITTO@UNISA.IT
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