Paola SCARFATO | POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS

cod. 0622200027

POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS

	0622200027
	DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
	EQF7
	CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
	2023/2024

CURRICULUM INNOVATIVE PROCESSES AND NANOTECHNOLOGIES

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 2
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2019
	AUTUMN SEMESTER

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	ING-IND/22	6	60	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

PROFESSORS

	LOREDANA INCARNATO T Curriculum
	PAOLA SCARFATO Curriculum

	Objectives
	KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS AND RELATED COMPOSITES; NANOFILL CLASSIFICATION: CLAYS; OXIDES, CARBON NANOTUBES AND NANOFIBERS, GRAPHENE. POLYMER MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS ALSO BIODEGRADABLE. MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, THERMAL AND FLAMMABILITY PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES. THE GLASS TRANSITION. LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES: FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES, DESCRIPTIVE MODELS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS IN PERIODIC MOTIONS. TIME-TEMPERATURE EQUIVALENCE AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE MASTER CURVES. PREPARATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES BY POLYMERIZATION, INTERCALATION IN SOLUTION AND FROM THE MELT. RHEOLOGY AND RHEOMETRY OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. EFFECT OF FLOW FIELD TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON VISCOSITY. ROTATIONAL AND CAPILLARY RHEOMETERS AND RELATIVE CHARACTERISTICS. RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING - ENGINEERING ANALYSIS: ABILITY TO DEFINE AND CALCULATE FROM EXPERIMENTAL DATA THE CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES IN RELATION TO THE SPECIFIC APPLICATION REQUIRED. ABILITY TO IDENTIFY THE INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MODELING OF THE VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF FLEXIBLE LINEAR POLYMERS AND OF POLYMER-MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING - ENGINEERING DESIGN ABILITY TO CHOOSE THE MOST SUITABLE NANOCOMPOSITE SYSTEM FOR A SPECIFIC APPLICATION. INDEPENDENT JUDGMENT - ENGINEERING PRACTICE: ABILITY TO USE ROTATIONAL AND CAPILLARY RHEOMETERS, TO EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINE THE FLOW CURVE, THE ELASTIC AND VISCOUS MODULUS OF FLEXIBLE LINEAR POLYMERS AND POLYMER-MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES. ABILITY TO IDENTIFY PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES. TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - COMMUNICATION SKILLS: THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE TOPICS CONCERNING THE CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES, THE CORRESPONDING EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES USING THE APPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY AND DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - ABILITY TO LEARN: KNOWING HOW TO APPLY THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED TO CONTEXTS DIFFERENT FROM THOSE PRESENTED DURING THE COURSE. CONSULTATION AND USE OF DATABASES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING.
STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS AND RELATED COMPOSITES; NANOFILL CLASSIFICATION: CLAYS; OXIDES, CARBON NANOTUBES AND NANOFIBERS, GRAPHENE. POLYMER MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS ALSO BIODEGRADABLE. MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, THERMAL AND FLAMMABILITY PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES. THE GLASS TRANSITION. LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES: FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES, DESCRIPTIVE MODELS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS IN PERIODIC MOTIONS. TIME-TEMPERATURE EQUIVALENCE AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE MASTER CURVES. PREPARATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES BY POLYMERIZATION, INTERCALATION IN SOLUTION AND FROM THE MELT. RHEOLOGY AND RHEOMETRY OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. EFFECT OF FLOW FIELD TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON VISCOSITY. ROTATIONAL AND CAPILLARY RHEOMETERS AND RELATIVE CHARACTERISTICS. RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS.

APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING - ENGINEERING ANALYSIS:
ABILITY TO DEFINE AND CALCULATE FROM EXPERIMENTAL DATA THE CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES IN RELATION TO THE SPECIFIC APPLICATION REQUIRED. ABILITY TO IDENTIFY THE INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MODELING OF THE VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF FLEXIBLE LINEAR POLYMERS AND OF POLYMER-MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES.

APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING - ENGINEERING DESIGN
ABILITY TO CHOOSE THE MOST SUITABLE NANOCOMPOSITE SYSTEM FOR A SPECIFIC APPLICATION.

INDEPENDENT JUDGMENT - ENGINEERING PRACTICE:
ABILITY TO USE ROTATIONAL AND CAPILLARY RHEOMETERS, TO EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINE THE FLOW CURVE, THE ELASTIC AND VISCOUS MODULUS OF FLEXIBLE LINEAR POLYMERS AND POLYMER-MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES.
ABILITY TO IDENTIFY PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES.

TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE TOPICS CONCERNING THE CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES, THE CORRESPONDING EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES USING THE APPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY AND DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS

TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - ABILITY TO LEARN:
KNOWING HOW TO APPLY THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED TO CONTEXTS DIFFERENT FROM THOSE PRESENTED DURING THE COURSE. CONSULTATION AND USE OF DATABASES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY.

	Prerequisites
	ESSENTIAL PREREQUISITES: CONCEPTS OF DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS. CONCEPTS OF MOMENTUM BALANCES.

	Contents
	1) INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS (4H THEORY) STRUCTURE OF MACROMOLECULES. THERMOPLASTIC AND THERMOSET POLYMERS. THE SEMISCRYSTALLINE POLYMERS. THE AMORPHOUS POLYMERS. THE GLASS TRANSITION. THE THEORY OF THE FREE VOLUME OF GLASS TRANSITION. 2) NANOCFILLS (THEORY 6H) NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC CLAYS (NANOCLAY), CARBON NANOTUBES (CNT), CARBON NANOFIBERS (CNF), GRAPHENE. 3) LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY OF POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES (THEORY 8H, ES. 4H, LAB 4H). VISCOELASTIC SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS. THE PRINCIPLE OF OVERLAPPING EFFECTS. THE MECHANICAL MODELS OF VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR: VOIGT AND MAXWELL'S MODEL. THE RELAXATION MODULE, G (T), FOR DIFFERENT VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS. BEHAVIOR OF VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS IN PERIODIC MOTIONS: THE ELASTIC MODULE AND THE DISSIPATIVE MODULE. COMPLEX VISCOSITY. PERCOLATION LIMIT. QUANTIFICATION OF DISPERSION THROUGH RHEOLOGY. LINEARITY LIMIT. 5) RHEOLOGY AND RHEOMETRY (THEORY 4H, ES 6H, LAB 6H) NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. THE FLOW CURVE. THE GENERALIZED NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID. THE POWER LAW FLUID, CROSS EQUATION, BY CARREAU-YASUDA. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON VISCOSITY. RHEOMETRY: A) ROTATIONAL REOMETERS, - BASIC EQUATIONS FOR THE CONE-FLAT REOMETER. VISCOSITY AND THE FIRST DIFFERENCE OF NORMAL EFFORTS IN NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. PARALLEL PLATE RHEOMETERS. B) CAPILLARY RHEOMETERS: BASIC EQUATIONS FOR THE CAPILLARY RHEOMETER. MOUTHPIECE EFFECTS- BAGLEY CORRECTIONS. THE RABINOWITCH CORRECTION FOR NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. 6) PREPARATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES (THEORY 8H) IN SITU CURING, INTERCALATION OF THE POLYMER IN SOLUTION, DIRECT INTERCALATION OF THE MOLTEN POLYMER. COMPATIBILIZATION OF POLYMER-NANOCFILLS. 7) NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MATRIX (2H THEORY) BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MATRICES: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE MATRICES. BIODEGRADABLE NANOCOMPOSITES. 8) PROPERTIES OF THERMOPLASTIC AND THERMOSET MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES AND EXAMPLES OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS (8H THEORY) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, BARRIER PROPERTIES, ELECTRIC AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, FLAME RETARDANCY, RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES, ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES, SELF-CLEANING AND ANTI-STAIN (ANTI-FINGERPRINT AND ANTI-GRAFFITI COATINGS, LOTUS EFFECT) PROPERTIES. TOTAL THEORY 40H, EXERCISES 10H, LABORATORY 10H

Contents

1) INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS (4H THEORY)
STRUCTURE OF MACROMOLECULES. THERMOPLASTIC AND THERMOSET POLYMERS. THE SEMISCRYSTALLINE POLYMERS. THE AMORPHOUS POLYMERS. THE GLASS TRANSITION. THE THEORY OF THE FREE VOLUME OF GLASS TRANSITION.

2) NANOCFILLS (THEORY 6H)
NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC CLAYS (NANOCLAY), CARBON NANOTUBES (CNT), CARBON NANOFIBERS (CNF), GRAPHENE.

3) LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY OF POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES (THEORY 8H, ES. 4H, LAB 4H).
VISCOELASTIC SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS. THE PRINCIPLE OF OVERLAPPING EFFECTS. THE MECHANICAL MODELS OF VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR: VOIGT AND MAXWELL'S MODEL. THE RELAXATION MODULE, G (T), FOR DIFFERENT VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS.
BEHAVIOR OF VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS IN PERIODIC MOTIONS: THE ELASTIC MODULE AND THE DISSIPATIVE MODULE. COMPLEX VISCOSITY.
PERCOLATION LIMIT. QUANTIFICATION OF DISPERSION THROUGH RHEOLOGY. LINEARITY LIMIT.

5) RHEOLOGY AND RHEOMETRY (THEORY 4H, ES 6H, LAB 6H)
NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. THE FLOW CURVE. THE GENERALIZED NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID. THE POWER LAW FLUID, CROSS EQUATION, BY CARREAU-YASUDA.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON VISCOSITY.
RHEOMETRY:
A) ROTATIONAL REOMETERS, - BASIC EQUATIONS FOR THE CONE-FLAT REOMETER. VISCOSITY AND THE FIRST DIFFERENCE OF NORMAL EFFORTS IN NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS. PARALLEL PLATE RHEOMETERS.
B) CAPILLARY RHEOMETERS: BASIC EQUATIONS FOR THE CAPILLARY RHEOMETER. MOUTHPIECE EFFECTS- BAGLEY CORRECTIONS. THE RABINOWITCH CORRECTION FOR NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS.

6) PREPARATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES (THEORY 8H)
IN SITU CURING, INTERCALATION OF THE POLYMER IN SOLUTION, DIRECT INTERCALATION OF THE MOLTEN POLYMER. COMPATIBILIZATION OF POLYMER-NANOCFILLS.

7) NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MATRIX (2H THEORY)
BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MATRICES: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE MATRICES. BIODEGRADABLE NANOCOMPOSITES.

8) PROPERTIES OF THERMOPLASTIC AND THERMOSET MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES AND EXAMPLES OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS (8H THEORY)
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, BARRIER PROPERTIES, ELECTRIC AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, FLAME RETARDANCY, RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES, ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES, SELF-CLEANING AND ANTI-STAIN (ANTI-FINGERPRINT AND ANTI-GRAFFITI COATINGS, LOTUS EFFECT) PROPERTIES.

TOTAL THEORY 40H, EXERCISES 10H, LABORATORY 10H

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE CONSISTS IN FRONT LESSONS (40H), CLASSROOM EXERCISES (10H) AND ACTIVITIES IN LAB (10H) FOR A TOTAL AMOUNT OF 60 HOURS WHICH ARE WORTH 6 CREDITS (CFU). IN THE LAB THE STUDENT WILL CARRY OUT EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS THAT WILL BE ANALYZED IN A REPORT TO BE DELIVERED AT THE END OF THE COURSE. ATTENDANCE AT LECTURES IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED.

	Verification of learning
	AT THE END OF THE COURSE THE STUDENT HAS TO TAKE AN ORAL EXAM AND A DISCUSSION OF THE REPORT THAT HE WILL PREPARE BASED ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA COLLECTED DURING THE LABORATORY EXPERIENCE. THE ORAL TEST CONSISTS OF AN INTERVIEW WITH QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION ON THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL CONTENT OF THE SUBJECTS OF THE PROGRAM AND IT AIMS TO ASCERTAIN THE STUDENT'S LOGICAL-DEDUCTIVE AND SYNTHESIS SKILLS AS WELL AS THE ABILITY TO DISCUSS THE VARIOUS PROPOSED THEMES WITH THE APPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY. THE STUDENT WILL PASS THE EXAM WITH THE MINIMUM THRESHOLD IF HE DEMONSTRATES KNOWLEDGE OF THE DIFFERENT NANOPARTICLES AND POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES, IF HE IS ABLE TO DEFINE THE VISCOELASTIC, MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE NANOCOMPOSITE SYSTEMS AND IF HE HAS SET THE RESOLUTION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA ANALYSIS REQUIRED IN THE REPORT. EXAMINATION IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE EXCELLENT IF THE STUDENT HAS EXHAUSTIVELY DISCUSSED THE NANOFILLERS, THE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES, AND THE CONCEPTS OF VISCOELASTICITY AND IF HE HAS RIGOROUSLY ANALYZED THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA IN THE REPORT. THE FINAL MARK IS ABOUT 70% OF THE ORAL MARK AND ABOUT 30% OF THE EVALUATION AND DISCUSSION OF THE REPORT.

Verification of learning

AT THE END OF THE COURSE THE STUDENT HAS TO TAKE AN ORAL EXAM AND A DISCUSSION OF THE REPORT THAT HE WILL PREPARE BASED ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA COLLECTED DURING THE LABORATORY EXPERIENCE. THE ORAL TEST CONSISTS OF AN INTERVIEW WITH QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION ON THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL CONTENT OF THE SUBJECTS OF THE PROGRAM AND IT AIMS TO ASCERTAIN THE STUDENT'S LOGICAL-DEDUCTIVE AND SYNTHESIS SKILLS AS WELL AS THE ABILITY TO DISCUSS THE VARIOUS PROPOSED THEMES WITH THE APPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY. THE STUDENT WILL PASS THE EXAM WITH THE MINIMUM THRESHOLD IF HE DEMONSTRATES KNOWLEDGE OF THE DIFFERENT NANOPARTICLES AND POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES, IF HE IS ABLE TO DEFINE THE VISCOELASTIC, MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE NANOCOMPOSITE SYSTEMS AND IF HE HAS SET THE RESOLUTION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA ANALYSIS REQUIRED IN THE REPORT. EXAMINATION IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE EXCELLENT IF THE STUDENT HAS EXHAUSTIVELY DISCUSSED THE NANOFILLERS, THE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES, AND THE CONCEPTS OF VISCOELASTICITY AND IF HE HAS RIGOROUSLY ANALYZED THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA IN THE REPORT. THE FINAL MARK IS ABOUT 70% OF THE ORAL MARK AND ABOUT 30% OF THE EVALUATION AND DISCUSSION OF THE REPORT.

	Texts
	POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES: PROCESSING, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION. AUTORE: J.H. KOO. EDITORE: MCGRAW HILL (2006). MELT RHEOLOGY AND ITS ROLE IN PLASTICS PROCESSING.THEORY AND APPLICATIONS. AUTORI: J. M. DEALY, AND K. F. WISSBRUN, EDITORE: VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD (1990). SLIDES

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Paola SCARFATO | POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS