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COMBUSTION

Iolanda DE MARCO COMBUSTION

0622200015
DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
EQF7
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
2024/2025

YEAR OF COURSE 2
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2019
SPRING SEMESTER
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
550LESSONS
110EXERCISES
IOLANDA DE MARCO T Curriculum
Objectives
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE STUDENT WILL KNOW THE PHENOMENA CHARACTERIZING AND CONTROLLING COMBUSTION, THE CHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF ELEMENTARY FUELS’ COMBUSTION. HE WILL KNOW THE EXPLOSION DIAGRAMS, THE PREMIXED FLAMES IN LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLOW, THE FLAMMABILITY LIMITS, THE DIFFUSION FLAMES, THE THERMAL, RADICALIC AND THERMOS-RADICALIC IGNITION, THE DETONATION, THE LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS COMBUSTION, THE CRITERIA TO PROJECT BURNERS OF INDUSTRIAL FURNACES AND ASSURE FLAMES STABILITY. COMBUSTION IN ENGINES, THE MAIN POLLUTANTS FORMATION MECHANISMS AND THEIR REDUCTION IN FLAMES.
HE WILL KNOW HOW TO PERFORM COMPUTER EXERCISES AND USE CODES TO SOLVE COMMON ENGINEERING PROBLEMS: EQUILIBRIUM COMPOSITION OF SOOTS, KINETICS AND EVALUATION OF OTHER PROPERTIES OF COMBUSTION SYSTEMS.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING – ENGINEERING ANALYSIS
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO CHOOSE MAIN PARAMETERS AFFECTING FLAMES DEVELOPMENT, AND TO CHOOSE AND USE PROPER MODELS FOR THE MOST USED COMBUSTION EQUIPMENTS IN INDUSTRIAL AND TRANSPORTATION PLANTS.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING – ENGINEERING DESIGN
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO DESIGN THE MOST USED COMBUSTION EQUIPMENTS IN INDUSTRIAL AND TRANSPORTATION PLANTS.

MAKING JUDGMENTS - ENGINEERING PRACTICE:
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO PROJECT THE COMBUSTION EQUIPMENTS MOST USED IN INDUSTRIAL PLANTS AND TO USE PROPER MATHEMATICAL MODELS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS RELATED TO COMBUSTION.

TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - COMMUNICATION SKILLS: ABILITY TO THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO DISCUSS THE TOPICS RELATED TO COMBUSTION.

TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - LEARNING SKILLS: KNOWING HOW TO THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO APPLY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS THAN THOSE PRESENTED DURING THE COURSE AND WILL POSSESS THE ABILITY TO DEEPEN THE TOPICS DEALT WITH BY USING MATERIALS OTHER THAN THOSE PROPOSED.
Prerequisites
KNOWLEDGE OF THE MAIN MECHANISMS OF MASS TRANSFER AND OF MASS BALANCES IS REQUIRED FOR THE SUCCESSFUL ACHIEVEMENT OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE COURSE.
Contents
INTRODUCTION (2H THEORY):
COURSE CONTENTS AND TARGETS. EDUCATIONAL METHODS AND LEARNING ASSESSMENT. TEXTBOOKS.
THERMODINAMICS, CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA AND CHEMICAL KINETICS CONCEPT (5H THEORY, 5H EXERCISES):
COMBUSTION AND THERMOCHEMISTRY. STOICHIOMETRY. EQUIVALENCE RATIO. HIGHER AND LOWER HEATING VALUE. ADIABATIC FLAME TEMPERATURES. CONTROLLING PHENOMENA: KINETICS AND DIFFUSION.
CHEMICAL KINETICS AND ELEMENTARY REACTIONS.
CHAIN MECHANISM (7H THEORY):
SOME IMPORTANT CHEMICAL MECHANISMS: HYDROGEN, METHANE, CARBON MONOXIDE AND HIGHER PARAFFINS OXIDATION. EXPLOSION LIMITS. IGNITION: THERMAL, RADICAL AND THERMO-RADICAL MECHANISMS.
PREMIXED FLAMES (8H THEORY, 2H EXERCISES):
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF LAMINAR PREMIXED FLAMES. EVALUATION OF FLAME THICKNESS AND FLAME SPEED IN LAMINAR PREMIXED FLAMES. FACTORS (TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE) INFLUENCING FLAME VELOCITY. FLAMMABILITY LIMITS. TURBULENT PREMIXED FLAMES. LENGTH SCALES IN TURBULENT FLOWS.
LAMINAR DIFFUSION FLAMES (3H THEORY):
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF LAMINAR DIFFUSION FLAMES. JET FLAME PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION. EVALUATION OF FLAME LENGHT: CONSTANT DENSITY SOLUTION OR VARIABLE-DENSITY APPROXIMATE SOLUTION.
DETONATION (2H THEORY, 1H EXERCISES):
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PHENOMENON. RANKINE-HUGONIOT CURVE. CHAPMAN-JOUGUET POINT. STRONG AND WEAK DETONATION. EVALUATION OF THE DETONATION SPEED.
COMBUSTION IN CONDENSED PHASE (5H THEORY, 2H EXERCISES):
DROPLET EVAPORATION AND BURNING. BURNING OF SOLIDS.
APPLICATIONS (10H THEORY, 3H EXERCISES, 2H LABORATORY):
FLAME STABILIZATION ON A BURNER. DESIGN OF A BURNER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES: SPARK IGNITION AND COMPRESSION HEATING IGNITION. SPRAY ATOMIZATION AT HIGH PRESSURE.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT (3H THEORY):
POLLUTANT EMISSIONS. EMISSIONS FROM PREMIXED COMBUSTION.
Teaching Methods
THE COURSE CONSISTS IN FRONT LESSONS (46 H), CLASSROOM EXERCISES (12 H) AND ACTIVITIES IN LAB (2 H) FOR A TOTAL AMOUNT OF 60 HOURS WHICH ARE WORTH 6 CREDITS. IN THE EXERCISES, IT IS TAUGHT HOW TO USE PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE TO SOLVE SOME COMBUSTION PROBLEMS.
ATTENDANCE AT THE LECTURES IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED.
Verification of learning
THE EVALUATION OF THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE EXPECTED OUTCOMES WILL BE CARRIED OUT WITH AN ORAL INTERVIEW OF ABOUT 45 MINUTES. TO PASS THE EXAM, THE STUDENT HAS TO DEMONSTRATE THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE MAIN CONCEPTS AND OF THE METHODS PRESENTED DURING THE COURSE. THE ASSESSMENT OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES WILL TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE FOLLOWING EQUIVALENT CRITERIA: A) KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY TO SOLVE MAJOR ISSUES THAT REQUIRE THE APPLICATION OF EXPRESSED CONCEPTS; B) KNOWLEDGE OF THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS AND LOGIC OF THE DISCIPLINE; C) PROPERTY OF LANGUAGE WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE SPECIFIC TERMINOLOGY OF THE DISCIPLINE.
IT IS ESSENTIAL CONDITION TO PASS THE EXAM, THE SOLVING OF MASS AND ENERGY BALANCES ON A FLAME, THE EVALUATION OF TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS, THE DESIGN OF A BURNER.
THE STUDENT REACHES THE LEVEL OF EXCELLENCE ONCE PROVING TO BE ABLE TO DEAL WITH PROBLEMS (INCLUDING UNUSUAL OR NOT SPECIFICALLY PRESENTED IN CLASS) OPERATING THE CORRECT SIMPLIFICATIONS AND REACHING A COMPLETE SOLUTION OF ALL THE PARTS, WITH THE VERIFICATION OF THE ASSUMPTIONS MADE.
Texts
1) S. R. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000.
2) S. McAllister, J.-Y. Chen, A. C. Fernandez-Pello, Fundamentals of Combustion Processes, Springer, 2011.
3) I. Glassman, Combustion 2nd ed., Accademic Press, 1987. 
4) Notes of the course
More Information
THE COURSE IS TAUGHT IN ITALIAN
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