2. Professors
  3. CAPOBIANCO Amedeo
  4. Teaching

ELECTRO-OPTICAL DEVICES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Amedeo CAPOBIANCO ELECTRO-OPTICAL DEVICES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

0522300059
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY "ADOLFO ZAMBELLI"
EQF7
CHEMISTRY
2024/2025

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 1
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2016
AUTUMN SEMESTER
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
756LESSONS
336EXERCISES
224LAB
AMEDEO CAPOBIANCO T Curriculum
ALESSANDRO LANDI Curriculum
ExamDate
DISPOSITIVI ELETTRO-OTTICI PER LO SVILUP25/06/2025 - 10:00
DISPOSITIVI ELETTRO-OTTICI PER LO SVILUP04/07/2025 - 10:00
DISPOSITIVI ELETTRO-OTTICI PER LO SVILUP21/07/2025 - 10:00
Objectives
COURSE AIM
THE AIM OF THE COURSE IS TO INTRODUCE THE STUDENT TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRO-OPTICAL DEVICES, SUCH AS CELLS, LED-DIODES, PHOTODIODES, PRINTING DEVICES AND LASERS.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
THE STUDENT:
- WILL LEARN THE CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES THAT REGULATE THE ELECTRICAL, OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MATERIALS USEFUL FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF DEVICES FOR TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRONICS, SUCH AS PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, LED AND OLED DEVICES AND PHOTONICS DEVICES AND WILL UNDERSTAND THE OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SUCH DEVICES;
- WILL BE ABLE TO CARRY OUT RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE ORGANIC MATERIALS SECTOR, TO UNDERSTAND AND INTERPRET THE PROBLEMS INHERENT TO THE DISCIPLINE AND THE SOLUTIONS PROPOSED IN THE CURRENT LITERATURE.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- DESIGN A SOLAR CELL THAT USES ORGANIC COLORING SUBSTANCES IN SOLUTION AND MAKE PREDICTIONS ON ITS APPLICABILITY;
- PROGRAM CODES IN MATLAB LANGUAGE CAPABLE OF PERFORMING THEORETICAL SIMULATIONS ON THE VARIOUS TOPICS OF THE COURSE AND INDEPENDENTLY TACKLING THE COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF THE MAIN OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURES, SUPRAMOLECULAR AGGREGATES, AND INORGANIC MATERIALS.

MAKING JUDGEMENTS
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO CRITICALLY ANALYZE THE VALIDITY OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THE SIMULATIONS THANKS TO DISCUSSIONS PROMOTED BY THE TEACHER IN THE LABORATORY GROUP.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS
THE COURSE WILL ALLOW THE STUDENT TO ACQUIRE THE APPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY TO DESCRIBE THE ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MOLECULES AND MATERIALS THANKS TO THE READING OF ARTICLES WRITTEN IN ENGLISH PUBLISHED IN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS.

LEARNING SKILL
THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:
- KNOW HOW TO APPLY THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED TO CONTEXTS DIFFERENT FROM THOSE PRESENTED DURING THE COURSE, USING TRADITIONAL AND IT BIBLIOGRAPHIC TOOLS;
- CARRY OUT RESEARCH, UNDERSTAND AND INTERPRET COMPLEX SCIENTIFIC TEXTS.
Prerequisites
A BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS, ELECTROMAGNETISM. LINEAR ALGEBRA, CALCULUS, QUANTUM PHYSICS AND QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, GENERAL AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.
Contents
CONTENTS OF THE LESSONS AND NUMERICAL EXERCISES
SEMICONDUCTOR APPLICATIONS (2 HOURS LECTURE + 3 HOURS EXERCISE). THE HUCKEL METHOD (LESSON 2 HOURS+EXERCISE 3 HOURS). ELECTRONIC STATES OF MOLECULES. FROM THE FINITE TO THE INFINITY. THE LINEAR CHAIN OF HYDROGEN ATOMS. THE CYCLIC CHAIN. BLOCH FUNCTIONS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS, ONE-DIMENSIONAL CASE (LESSON 1 HOUR+EXERCISE 4 HOURS). THE BINDING ORDER OF THE INFINITE SYSTEM. ORBITALS IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTAL. THE CRYSTAL AS A “GIANT MOLECULE”. BLOCH'S WAVE FUNCTIONS (3 HOURS). ORBITALS OF TWO AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTALS (LESSON 2 HOURS+EXERCISE 3 HOURS). THE DENSITY OF STATES AND THE BAND MODEL (LESSON 2 HOURS). CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS, SEMICONDUCTORS (1 HOUR LESSON + 4 HOUR EXERCISE). THE FREE ELECTRON MODEL AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF FERMIONS (LESSON 2 HOURS+EXERCISE 3 HOURS). THE BANDGAP. ELECTRIC CONDUCIBILITY. PEIERLS' DISTORTIONS: POLYACETYLENE (EXERCISE 2 HOURS) OHM'S LAW IN LOCAL FORM, THE CONCEPT OF EFFECTIVE MASS (LESSON 2 HOURS + EXERCISE 3 HOURS). KINETIC PHENOMENA ASSOCIATED WITH CONDUCTIVITY (LESSON 1 HOUR+EXERCISE 1 HOUR). DIRECT AND INDIRECT BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTORS. THE PN JUNCTION (LESSON 2+EXERCISE 3 HOURS).IDEAL AND REAL DIODE. LOGIC OF CIRCUITS BASED ON THE PN JUNCTION (LESSON 1 HOUR+EXERCISE 1 HOUR). FICK'S LAW, DIFFUSION. BEER'S LAW IN SOLIDS (LESSON 2 HOURS+EXERCISE 1 HOUR). PHOTODIODES, XEROGRAPHIC PROCESS, PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY (2HOURS LECTURE+1HOUR EXERCISE). PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS (2 HOURS LECTURE+1 HOUR EXERCISE). LEDS AND OLEDS (LESSON 2 HOURS+EXERCISE 1 HOUR). COLOR SPACES AND OLEDS (2 HOURS LECTURE + 1 HOUR EXERCISE).
ELECTRONIC STATES OF MOLECULES: SINGLETS, TRIPLETS, ABSORPTION AND EMISSION. (2 HOURS) RADIATIVE TRANSITIONS: FERMI GOLDEN RULE (2 HOURS). THE ELECTRONIC AND VIBRONIC FACTORS (2 HOURS). REVIEW OF SPECTROSCOPY: TRANSITION PROBABILITY AND EINSTEIN COEFFICIENTS, OSCILLATOR STRENGTH (2 HOURS). NON-RADIATIVE TRANSITIONS: INTERNAL CONVERSION AND INTERSYSTEM CROSSING (2 HOURS). FRANCK CONDON FACTORS AND ELECTRONIC COUPLING (2 HOURS). PHOSPHORESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE (2 HOURS). LASERS (3 HOURS + 1 EXERCISE). NON-LINEAR OPTICS (4 HOURS). ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES: SOLAR AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS. DSSC AND BULK HETEROJUNCTION CELLS (2 HOURS)

COMPUTATIONAL LABORATORY (8 EXPERIENCES OF 3 HOURS EACH, FOR A TOTAL OF 24 HOURS)
EXPERIMENT 1: PROGRAMMING IN MATLAB. EXPER. 2: PROGRAMMING THE HUCKEL METHOD WITH MATLAB. EXPER.3: BAND STRUCTURE PROGRAMMED WITH THE CONTINUANT AND CIRCULANT MODELS. EXPER.4: THE DENSITY OF STATES AND THE DIRAC DELTA FUNCTION. EXPER.5: COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY, MOLECULAR BUILDING AND CALCULATION SOTWARE. THE BASIS SET. RECALL ON THE LCAO/HF METHOD. EXPER.6: HF CALCULATION OF MOS OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND COMPARISON WITH THE PREDICTIONS OF THE HUCKEL METHOD. EXPER.7: THE ENERGY LEVELS OF THE ELECTRON. CALCULATION OF THE IONIZATION POTENTIAL AND ELECTRONIC AFFINITY OF SIMPLE UNSATURATED MOLECULES WITH DFT. COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENTAL DATA. EXPER.8: THE ELECTRIC BANDGAP AND THE OPTICAL BANGAP. COMPUTATIONAL DETERMINATION (DFT) OF THE BANDGAP AND COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENTAL DATA.
THE TEACHER WILL ASSIGN THE STUDENT THREE EXCERCISES CONSISTING IN THE CODING OF THREE SIMPLE MATLAB PROGRAMS THAT SOLVE EXERCISES. THESE PROGRAMS MUST BE SENT TO THE TEACHER BEFORE THE END OF THE COURSE.
Teaching Methods
TEACHING INCLUDES LECTURES 56 HOURS TOTAL (7 CREDITS), NUMERICAL AND PRACTICAL EXERCISES FOR 36 HOURS (3 CREDITS) AND LABORATORY 24 HOURS (2 CREDITS). THE CLASSROOM ATTENDANCE IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED AND THAT OF LABORATORY EXERCISES IS MANDATORY. TO BE ABLE TO ACCESS TO THE FINAL EXAM, STUDENTS MUST HAVE ATTENDED AT LEAST 75% OF THE EXPECTED LABORATORY HOURS. THE ATTENDANCE VERIFICATION MODE IS ANNOUNCED BY THE TEACHER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE COURSE.
Verification of learning
THE EXAM CONSISTS OF AN ORAL TEST.
THE ORAL TEST WILL BE ACCESSIBLE TO STUDENTS WHO MEET THE LABORATORY ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS (75% OF THE NUMBER OF HOURS) AND HAVE CARRIED OUT ALL THE LABORATORY EXERCISES ASSIGNED BY THE TEACHER.
THE ORAL TEST WILL BE AIMED AT VERIFYING THE STUDENT'S THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE, WITH REFERENCE TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE TRAINING OBJECTIVES EXPLAINED IN THE DEDICATED SECTION.
THE SCORE OF THE ORAL TEST WILL DEPEND ON THE DEGREE OF DEPTH, ON THE STUDENT'S ABILITY TO PRESENT THE TOPICS EXPLAINED IN THE CONTENTS SECTION EFFECTIVELY AND WITH RIGOROUS SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE, ON THE MATURITY EXPRESSED BY THE STUDENT IN CRITICALLY DISCUSSING THE TOPICS ILLUSTRATED ALSO BY PROPOSING CONNECTIONS WITH THE CONTENTS OF OTHER COURSES.
THE SCORE OF THE ORAL TEST, WHICH COINCIDES WITH THE FINAL EVALUATION, WILL BE EXPRESSED OUT OF THIRTY.
THE STUDENT REACHES THE LEVEL OF EXCELLENCE IF HE OR SHE IS ABLE TO DEAL WITH PROBLEMS INHERENT TO THE DISCIPLINE, BUT APPLIED TO SYSTEMS NOT EXPRESSLY COVERED IN CLASS, AMONG THOSE PROPOSED IN THE ORAL EXAM.
Texts
"ELECTRONIC PROCESSES IN ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS" A. KÖHLER, H. BÄSSLER, 2015 WILEY-VCH
"ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS" A.P. SUTTON (OXFORD SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS)
"ELECTRONS IN MOLECULES - FROM BASIC PRINCIPLES TO MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS" J.-P. LAUNAY, M. VERDAGUER, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
ADRIAN KITAI, "PRINCIPLES
OF SOLAR CELLS,
LEDS AND DIODES
THE E ROLE OF THE PN JUNCTION"
More Information
TEACHING IS KEPT ALMOST ENTIRELY ON THE CHALKBOARD TO ALLOW THE STUDENTS TO FOLLOW IT MORE CLOSELY; SLIDES WILL BE PROJECTED ONLY OCCASIONALLY. LECTURE NOTES ARE AVAILABLE FOR ALMOST ALL THE INVESTIGATED TOPICS.
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