PREVENTION IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

Leonardo PACE PREVENTION IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

1012400019
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, SURGERY AND DENTISTRY "SALERNITANA MEDICAL SCHOOL"
EQF6
MIDWIFERY
2024/2025

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 2
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2013
SPRING SEMESTER
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
1PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA - MOD. IGIENE
224LESSONS
2PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA - MOD. DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINE E NOZIONI DI RADIOPROTEZIONE
112LESSONS
3PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA - MOD. GINECOLOGIA E OSTETRICIA
112LESSONS
4PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA - MOD.MALATTIE CUTANEE E VENEREE
112LESSONS
5PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA - MOD. SCIENZE INFERMIERISTICHE OSTETRICHE GINECOLOGICHE
112LESSONS
6PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA - MOD. UROLOGIA
112LESSONS
ExamDate
PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA09/07/2025 - 09:00
PREVENZIONE IN OSTETRICIA E GINECOLOGIA24/07/2025 - 09:00
Objectives
The lessons will allow students to acquire knowledge in hygiene, diagnostic imaging, fundamentals of gynecology and obstetrics, with particular reference to diagnostic aspects and the prevention of female cancers, as well as skin and venereal diseases, urology related to the identification of risks and the implementation of prevention in obstetrics and gynecology, with the aim of developing knowledge of tools for health protection in communities and on the territory.
Knowledge and Understanding

By the end of the course, students will know and understand the determinants of health, risk factors, and prevention strategies applied to the promotion and support of the health of women, pregnant women, women in labor, postpartum women, and the newborn.
In particular, they will know and understand the principles of hygiene applied to the environment, workplaces, and the tools for protecting health in communities and territories; the principles of radiobiology, radioprotection, including regulatory aspects, and the main imaging diagnostic techniques; elementary skin lesions and the pathologies associated with them; primary and secondary prevention tools for diseases of the female genital system and urinary tract throughout all stages of a woman's life, including the pregnancy period.

Ability to Apply Knowledge and Understanding
By the end of the course, students will be able to:
- use theoretical knowledge from Midwifery care-cure-education, behavioral and social biological sciences to recognize the health needs of women in various stages of reproductive life and the couple, within their social context, and the newborn up to the first year of life.
- apply obstetric care models to childbirth that facilitate the self-determination of the woman/couple and the normal evolution of physiological processes during pregnancy, labor, postpartum, newborn adaptation, and breastfeeding.
- apply hygienic norms for newborn care and prophylaxis of risk factors of neonatal diseases and sexually-transmitted diseases.
- participate in gynecological clinical exam
- collaborate in the care of newborns requiring sub-intensive care
- recognize and describe skin lesions during clinical examination, to report to the doctor and propose the type and location for topical therapy application based on the described lesions
- evaluate different categories of individuals at risk of developing dysplastic or neoplastic lesions and actively participate in preventive programs targeting the general population.

Communication Skills
- use teaching and learning principles for informational or educational interventions aimed at individual users, families, groups, and other professionals such as support staff, midwifery students, nursing students, applying clear and organized communication of their mental synthesis.

Judgment Autonomy
- analyze epidemiological studies and create a model for managing major epidemic pathologies.

Learning Ability
- develop independent study skills.
Prerequisites
The course requires knowledge of chemistry, biology, physics, genetics, anatomy, and physiology, as well as a basic understanding of inflammatory and immune mechanisms.
Contents
The course is divided into six modules:

Hygiene
Diagnostic Imaging and Radioprotection
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Skin and Venereal Diseases
Obstetric-Gynecological Nursing Sciences
Urology
Module 1: Hygiene (MED/42, 2 ECTS, 24 hours)
General Elements: Definition of health and disease; Preventive and curative medicine; Disease factors; Health education; Community medicine; Definition and classifications of risk (FMECA/FMEA, ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS, INCIDENT REPORTING); Prevention techniques (3 hours)
Urban Solid Waste (R.S.U.): Disposal: techniques and characteristics; Classification of solid waste; Composition, characteristics, and quantity of R.S.U.; Health and environmental risks; Classification of landfills (1 hour)
Food Hygiene: Analysis of food composition; Consequences of food contamination; Causes of food alterations; Factors influencing food microbiology; Types of contamination; HACCP system (legislative decree and principles); Food preservation, preparation, and sterilization; Foodborne illnesses: causes, symptoms, and prevention; Salmonella; Clostridium Perfringens; Clostridium Botulinum (3 hours)
Biological Risk: Definition; Harmful agents: classification; Biological injury: sampling, risks, checks; Health procedures and first aid/post-exposure procedures; Sentinel events (2 hours)
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: Transmission routes; Prevention (I, II, III): screenings; Prophylaxis of infectious diseases (2 hours)
Occupational Diseases; Injuries; Legislation; Health surveillance (1 hour)
Active and Passive Immunoprophylaxis: Definition; Disease classes; Reporting, notification, and investigation; Types of isolation, contacts, and cohabitants; Types of prophylaxis; Vaccinations and vaccination schedule (3 hours)
Disinfection and Pest Control: Methods and techniques, equipment and devices, exposure and protection modes; PPE and maximum prevention devices: categories, compliance, employer obligations, legislation, and behavioral norms (2 hours)
Healthcare-Associated Infections (ICA): Definition; Epidemiology; Intrinsic and extrinsic factors; Classification; Legislation; Prevention; Most frequent locations; Surveillance methods; Hospital hygiene: cleaning, detergents, action mechanisms, disinfection, and sterilization (3 hours)
Water: Availability, water cycle, human consumption, characteristics, and classification, pollution indices, pathogens, and techniques and agents for water purification; Environmental hygiene requirements and microclimate; Sampling methods and environmental monitoring (2 hours)
Clinical Risk in the Operating Room: Definition and preventive strategies. Health protection: Guidelines on safety and hygiene standards in hospitals (2 hours)
Module 2: Diagnostic Imaging and Radioprotection (MED/36, 1 ECTS, 12 hours)
Nature and Properties of Radiation: Interactions between radiation and matter (2 hours)
Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation: Biological effects (2 hours)
Chemical and Pharmacological Characteristics of Contrast Agents, Their Side Effects, and Adverse Reactions (2 hours)
Principles of Diagnostic Imaging Techniques: Radiology, CT, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, MRI (2 hours)
Radioprotection for Patients and Professionally Exposed Operators (2 hours)
Legal Aspects of Radioprotection (2 hours)
Module 3: Gynecology and Obstetrics (MED/40, 1 ECTS, 12 hours)
Prevention of Female Cancers: Breast, uterus, ovaries, and cervix: definition, screening, diagnosis, staging, and therapy; Prevention of colorectal cancer (3 hours)
Pelvic Floor: Prevention of pelvic floor dysfunctions, mechanism, diagnosis, and rehabilitation (2 hours)
Menopause: Definition, clinical manifestations, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, health education (2 hours)
Sexually Transmitted Infections: Definition, incidence, causative agents, transmission, Candida, Chlamydia, HSV2, AIDS, HPV, pubic lice, and syphilis. HPV vaccine, Pap smear, and colposcopy (3 hours)
Contraception: Types and considerations, menstrual disorders due to the pill (2 hours)
Module 4: Skin and Venereal Diseases (MED/35, 1 ECTS, 12 hours)
Skin and Appendages: Glands, hair, and nails; Functions; Elementary skin lesions. Itching: Definition and functions; Physiological and pathological causes; Vulvar itching; Diagnostic algorithm; Therapy (2 hours)
Bullous Diseases: Pemphigus and pemphigoid; Pemphigoid gestationis: clinical management; Dermatitis herpetiformis; Vitiligo (2 hours)
Pregnancy-Related Polymorphic Eruption (PUPPP): Clinical features. Contact dermatitis: Allergic and irritative DC; Pathophysiology; Clinical aspects; Diagnosis; Pediatric DC: management and medications (2 hours)
Psoriasis: Genetic background and triggering factors; Medications; Clinical aspects and differential diagnosis; Types of psoriasis; Pathophysiology; Psoriasis classification; Koebner phenomenon; Comorbidities. Atopic dermatitis: Risk factors; Phenotypes and heterogeneity; Course and severity; Clinical criteria (2 hours)
Mycoses: Manifestations; Tinea capitis; Diagnosis; Candida skin infections. Neonatal skin: Vernix caseosa; Lanugo; Typical manifestations; Miliaria crystallina; Neonatal acne; Erythema toxicum neonatorum; Infantile hemangiomas; Benign neonatal hemangiomatosis; Collodion baby (2 hours)
Acne: Elementary lesions; Etiopathogenic factors; Clinical varieties; Therapy; Prevention; Rosacea acne: Definitions, characteristics, and classification. Effects of light on the skin. Scabies: Definition; Diagnosis; Therapy. Melanomas: Definition; Incidence; Onset and progression; Classification (2 hours)
Module 5: Obstetric-Gynecological Nursing Sciences (MED/47, 1 ECTS, 12 hours)
Prevention: Definition, types of prevention, screening, and its characteristics. Breast cancer prevention: self-examination and screening. Prevention of genital cancers: ovary, endometrium, cervix (3 hours)
Menopause: Definition, clinical manifestations, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, hormone replacement therapy, and counseling (3 hours)
Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Gonorrhea, HIV, HPV, Chlamydia and Mycoplasma, HSV2, pubic lice, and syphilis. Ministry of Health's information campaign for adolescent STD prevention (3 hours)
Conducting Gynecological Examinations: Ultrasound, sonohysterography, hysteroscopy, and curettage. Education and pelvic floor rehabilitation during pregnancy and postpartum (3 hours)
Module 6: Urology (MED/24, 1 ECTS, 12 hours)
Functional Anatomy of the Urinary System, Pelvic Floor, and Physiology of Micturition: Semiology and diagnostic procedures for the urinary system (3 hours)
Main Uro-Gynecological Pathologies: Hydronephrosis, calculi, and infections (3 hours)
Neurofunctional Disorders of Micturition, Urinary Incontinence: Therapeutic and rehabilitative treatments (3 hours)
Alteration of Pelvic Statics: Other pelvic floor dysfunctions of uro-gynecological interest (3 hours)
Teaching Methods
The course is structured with lectures that take place in classrooms using multimedia techniques (images, animations, and videos), as well as in-class exercises. Attendance is mandatory, and access to the exam requires a minimum of 75% attendance in the lectures. Attendance is tracked using the Easyacademy software.

The exercises, which include clinical case simulations, will allow students to develop the ability to apply knowledge to propose a prevention plan and choose an obstetric-patient approach, with particular attention to the emotional-relational aspect and communication methods. Students will also be required to describe the case specifically and in detail to the referring physician.
Verification of learning
The exam for each module consists of an oral test lasting approximately 10 minutes, during which the student will discuss a clinical case presented by the instructor. The goal is to assess the student's basic knowledge and their ability to apply it to the development of a care plan focused on the diagnosis and prevention of diseases, as well as the protection of the health of women and newborns in the obstetric and gynecological fields.

The score for the oral exam, expressed in thirty-points, depends on the depth of the student's knowledge and their ability to effectively present the content and critically discuss the topics related to the clinical case presented. The minimum passing score for the oral exam requires knowledge of the meaning and appropriate use of all terms related to the topics covered in the lectures.

The final grade for the integrated course exam is the weighted average of the scores from the individual modules. To achieve honors, the student must attain the maximum score in all modules and demonstrate the ability to engage in interdisciplinary reasoning.
Texts
MARINELLI, LIGUORI, MONTEMARANO, D’AMORA. IGIENE
E MEDICINA PREVENTIVA E SANITÀ PUBBLICA.. ED. PICCIN.
F. ATTENA. EPIDEMIOLOGIA E VALUTAZIONE DEGLI INTERVENTI SANITARI. PICCIN-NUOVA LIBRARIA.
MALATTIE CUTANEE E VENEREE. F. AYALA - P.LISI – G. MONFRECOLA – G. ARGENZIANO – L. STINGENI SECONDA EDIZIONE 2018, PICCIN.
•DERMATOLOGY NURSING: A PRACTICAL GUIDE. E. HUGHES, J. VAN ONSELEN. CHIRCHILL LIVINGSTO
More Information
NONE
  BETA VERSION Data source ESSE3 [Ultima Sincronizzazione: 2025-03-05]