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MATTER PHYSICS

Maria Teresa MERCALDO MATTER PHYSICS

0522600010
DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA "E.R. CAIANIELLO"
EQF7
PHYSICS
2016/2017

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 1
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2014
SECONDO SEMESTRE
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
756LESSONS
224EXERCISES
CANIO NOCE T Curriculum
MARIA TERESA MERCALDO Curriculum
Objectives
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
TO PROVIDE THE BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO MOLECULES AND MODERN SOLID STATE PHYSICS.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
ACHIEVEMENT OF UNDERSTANDING AND SKILL NEEDED TO SOLVE PROBLEMS AND APPLY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE. CAPACITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF SIMPLE MODELS FOR THE DESCRIPTION OF THE PHYSICAL PHENOMENA OF THE ATOMIC, MOLECULAR AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS. ABILITY TO APPLY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS AND TO PERCEIVE THE INTERDISCIPLINARY VALUE OF THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER. ABILITY TO APPLY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE IN THE STUDY OF MODERN PROBLEMS IN THIS FIELD.
Prerequisites
KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED IN THE FIRST DEGREE IN PHYSICS, WITH A SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE BASIC NOTIONS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS AND CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS.
Contents
MOLECULAR PHYSICS:
HYDROGEN-LIKE ATOMS AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD. DIPOLE APPROXIMATION. THE MOLECULE OF IONIZED HYDROGEN. LCAO METHOD. COVALENT BOND. VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE. THE HYDROGEN MOLECULE. BORN-OPPENHEIMER APPROXIMATION. METHOD OF HEITLER AND LONDON. SIMPLE POLYATOMIC MOLECULES.

ELECTRONIC CORRELATIONS IN SOLIDS:
ELECTRONIC CORRELATIONS, EQUATIONS OF HARTREE AND HARTREE-FOCK. DIELECTRIC FUNCTION. THOMAS-FERMI THEORY AND LINDHARD SCREENING THEORY. DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF INSULATING MATERIALS: MACROSCOPIC MAXWELL EQUATION IN A MEDIUM; POLARIZATION VECTOR, MEDIUM MACROSCOPIC AND LOCAL FIELD. CLAUSIUS-MOSSOTTI EQUATION. SEVERAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE POLARIZABILITY: ATOMIC, DISPLACEMENT AND ORIENTATION. IONIC CRYSTALS, NORMAL MODES AND POLARONS. LYDDANE-SACHS-TELLER FUNCTION AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF DIELECTRIC MATERIALS. PIROELECTRIC, FERROELECTRIC AND PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS.

CLASSICAL THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL:
SPECIFIC HEAT AND THE LAW OF DULONG-PETIT. ONE-DIMENSIONAL CHAINS. DISPERSION RELATION. QUANTIZATION OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL. NORMAL MODES OF VIBRATION. PHONONS. THEORIES OF DEBYE AND EINSTEIN.

PHENOMENOLOGY OF MAGNETISM IN MATTER:
VAN VLECK PARAMAGNETISM. LARMOR DIAMAGNETISM. HUND RULES. CURIE'S LAW. ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION. MAGNETISM OF CONDUCTION ELECTRONS: PAULI PARAMAGNETISM AND LANDAU DIAMAGNETISM. DE HAAS-VAN ALPHEN EFFECT. KNIGHT SHIFT. WEISS'S THEORY OF MAGNETISM: FERROMAGNETS, ANTIFERROMAGNETS AND FERRIMAGNETS. ITINERANT FERROMAGNETISM. EXCHANGE MECHANISMS (DIRECT, INDIRECT, SUPEREXCHANGE). STONER MODEL.

ELECTRON-LATTICE INTERACTION:
CRYSTAL FIELD. CRYSTAL FIELD IN PARTICULAR LATTICE STRUCTURES. STEVENS OPERATORS. QUENCHING OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM. CRYSTAL-FIELD HAMILTONIAN AND ITS EIGENFUNCTIONS. JAHN-TELLER EFFECT. ADIABATIC DECOUPLING. ADIABATIC SURFACES. REMOVAL OF DEGENERATION. KRAMERS THEOREM.

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY:
PHENOMENOLOGICAL INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: TRANSITION TEMPERATURE, ISOTOPE EFFECT TEMPERATURE, SHIELDING AND MEISSNER EFFECT, EFFECT OF IMPURITIES, CRITICAL FIELDS, SUPERCONDUCTORS OF I AND II TYPE, MAGNETIC FLUX QUANTUM, CRITICAL CURRENT, TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF PENETRATION DEPTH. TWO-FLUID MODEL. THERMODYNAMIC POTENTIALS FOR MAGNETIC SYSTEMS, THERMODYNAMIC CRITICAL FIELD. LONDON EQUATIONS: PENETRATION DEPTH, THE LIMITS OF THE TWO-FLUID MODEL. GINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATIONS. LENGTH OF PENETRATION AND LENGTH OF COHERENCE. WALL ENERGY N/S AND SUPERCONDUCTORS OF THE FIRST AND SECOND TYPE.
Teaching Methods
LECTURES AND EXERCISES. THE COURSE IS MAINLY THEORETICAL, WITH AN APPLICATIVE PART THAT INCLUDES EXERCISES, SIMULATIONS AND WRITTEN TESTS. THE FREQUENCY OF THE COURSE, WHILE NOT MANDATORY, IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED, ESPECIALLY FOR WHAT CONCERNS THE EXERCISES.
Verification of learning
THE FINAL EXAM CONSISTS IN THE EXPOSITION OF SOME OF THE TOPICS COVERED IN THE COURSE. THE TEST IS AIMED AT ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING OF THE TOPICS COVERED IN THE LESSONS. IN PARTICULAR, IT WILL VERIFY THAT THE STUDENT IS ABLE:
- TO EXPOSE ON TIME THE COURSE TOPICS; TO REPORT AND CITE MODELS, TO INTERPRET WHAT HE LEARNS, TO EXPLAIN AND DRAW CONCLUSIONS, TO SIMPLIFY (EXAM SCORE EVALUATION: 18-26/30);
- TO IDENTIFY RELATIONSHIPS, TO CHOOSE AND TO HYPOTHESIZE ALTERNATIVES, TO EXPRESS OPINIONS SUPPORTED SCIENTIFICALLY, AND TO AGREE TO DISAGREE ON THE COURSE TOPICS (EXAM SCORE EVALUATION: 27-30/30).
NO DISTINCTION IS MADE AMONG THE STUDENTS WHO ATTENDED THE LECTURES AND OTHER STUDENTS.
Texts
BOOKS TO BE ADOPTED
B.B. BRANSDEN, C.J. JOACHAIN, "PHYSICS OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES" (LONGMAN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL, 1983).
N.W. ASHCROFT, N.D. MERMIN, "SOLID STATE PHYSICS" (HOLT-RINEHART & WINSTON, 1976).
H. IBACH E H. LUTH, "SOLID-STATE PHYSICS" (SPRINGER VERLAG, 2003).
D.C. MATTIS, "THE THEORY OF MAGNETISM" (SPRINGER-VERLAG, 1981).
G. GROSSO, G. PASTORI PARRAVICINI, "SOLID STATE PHYSICS", (ACADEMIC PRESS, 2000).

REFERENCE BOOKS
J.C. SLATER, "TEORIA QUANTISTICA DELLA MATERIA" (ZANICHELLI, 1980).
C. KITTEL, "INTRODUZIONE ALLA FISICA DELLO STATO SOLIDO" (BORINGHIERI, TORINO, 1971).
R.E. PEIERLS, "QUANTUM THEORY OF SOLIDS" (OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1955).
J. CRANGLE, "THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS" (EDWARD ARNOLD LIMITED, 1977).
R.M. WHITE, "QUANTUM THEORY OF MAGNETISM" (SPRINGER VERLAG, 1983).
More Information
THE E-MAIL ADDRESS OF THE TEACHER IS CANIO@FISICA.UNISA.IT.
FOR INFORMATION ON THE COURSE (TIMETABLE OF LECTURES AND EXAMINATIONS, PROGRAMME OF THE COURSE) AS WELL AS ON THE LECTURE SLIDES, THE STUDENTS CAN USE THE FOLLOWING URL WWW.FISICA.UNISA.IT/CANIO.NOCE/TEACHING.HTML.
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