Pierluigi MAZZEI | SOIL CHEMISTRY AND FERTILITY

cod. 0722200001

SOIL CHEMISTRY AND FERTILITY

	0722200001
	DIPARTIMENTO DI FARMACIA
	EQF7
	SMART AGRICOLTURE FOR MEDITERRANEAN CROPS
	2024/2025

PERCORSO COMUNE

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 1
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2019
	SPRING SEMESTER

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	AGR/13	9	63	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

	Objectives
	THE OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE IS TO PROVIDE ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE ON PEDOGENESIS, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL COMPONENTS GOVERNING THE MAIN PROCESSES OF ADSORPTION, EXCHANGE AND FIXATION OF IONS, AND SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF THESE PROPERTIES. THE STUDENTS WILL ACQUIRE THE COMPETENCE TO EVALUATE THE SOIL FERTILITY AND INDIVIDUATE THE DETERMINANT FACTORS RELATED TO THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND THE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES QUALITY. THE COURSE WILL ALLOW TO DEVELOP A HIGH ABILITY OF JUDGEMENT AND INTERVENTION TO MANAGE THE COMPLEX SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM IN AN OPTIMAL, TARGETED AND SUSTAINABLE WAY, AS WELL AS WILL PROVIDE SOLID BASIS USEFUL TO CONDUCT STUDIES AND DEFINE PROJECTS BASED ON A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH. THE PRINCIPAL KNOWLEDGE WILL BE: FOCUSED ON SOIL AND ITS ROLE IN THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION. THE STUDENTS WILL ACQUIRE THE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERTISE TO UNDERSTAND THE CHEMICAL PROCESSES DETERMINING THE FERTILITY OF AGRICULTURAL SOILS AND INVOLVED IN THE SOIL PRESERVATION IN A SUSTAINABLE REGIME. A SIGNIFICANT EMPHASIS WILL BE ADDRESSED TO THE SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS RELATED TO THE COMPLEX SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM. SPECIFICALLY, THE COURSE WILL DEAL WITH: •THE PEDOGENESIS •THE SOIL PHASES •THE MINERAL AND ORGANIC COMPONENTS •THE PRINCIPAL CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PHENOMENA OCCURRING IN SOIL •THE NUTRIENTS: IMPORTANCE, BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE, DYNAMICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY •THE RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL () •THE FACTORS CORRELATED TO THE SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM AND THEIR SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY •CRITERIA TO EVALUATE THE SOIL QUALITY •THE DETERMINANT FACTORS FOR THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, IN THE CONTEXT OF A SUSTAINABLE AND PRECISION FARMING •ADVANCED AND INNOVATIVE TOPICS THROUGH SEMINARS HELD BY RESEARCHERS AND EXPERTS IN THE FIELD. () THE PRINCIPAL SKILLS WILL BE: •THE ABILITY TO IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE THE PARAMETERS CORRELATED TO THE ACTIVITY AND VITALITY OF THE SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM •THE AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT IN DESIGNING AND MANAGING FIELD INTERVENTIONS •THE CAPABILITY TO PROPOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE AND INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES TO STUDY, CONTROL AND EXPLOIT THE SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL •THE APPLICATION OF ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE TO FORMULATE CRITIC JUDGMENTS AND COMMUNICATE, IN A CLEAR AND ARTICULATE WAY, THE ACHIEVED RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS TO BOTH SPECIALIZED AND NON-SPECIALIZED INTERLOCUTORS (*) OBJECTIVES REACHED THROUGH SPECIAL LESSONS ONLY FOR STUDENTS OF “AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AN SOIL FERTILITY”

THE OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE IS TO PROVIDE ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE ON PEDOGENESIS, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL COMPONENTS GOVERNING THE MAIN PROCESSES OF ADSORPTION, EXCHANGE AND FIXATION OF IONS, AND SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF THESE PROPERTIES. THE STUDENTS WILL ACQUIRE THE COMPETENCE TO EVALUATE THE SOIL FERTILITY AND INDIVIDUATE THE DETERMINANT FACTORS RELATED TO THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND THE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES QUALITY. THE COURSE WILL ALLOW TO DEVELOP A HIGH ABILITY OF JUDGEMENT AND INTERVENTION TO MANAGE THE COMPLEX SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM IN AN OPTIMAL, TARGETED AND SUSTAINABLE WAY, AS WELL AS WILL PROVIDE SOLID BASIS USEFUL TO CONDUCT STUDIES AND DEFINE PROJECTS BASED ON A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH.
THE PRINCIPAL KNOWLEDGE WILL BE:
FOCUSED ON SOIL AND ITS ROLE IN THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION. THE STUDENTS WILL ACQUIRE THE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERTISE TO UNDERSTAND THE CHEMICAL PROCESSES DETERMINING THE FERTILITY OF AGRICULTURAL SOILS AND INVOLVED IN THE SOIL PRESERVATION IN A SUSTAINABLE REGIME. A SIGNIFICANT EMPHASIS WILL BE ADDRESSED TO THE SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS RELATED TO THE COMPLEX SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM. SPECIFICALLY, THE COURSE WILL DEAL WITH:

•THE PEDOGENESIS
•THE SOIL PHASES
•THE MINERAL AND ORGANIC COMPONENTS
•THE PRINCIPAL CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PHENOMENA OCCURRING IN SOIL
•THE NUTRIENTS: IMPORTANCE, BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE, DYNAMICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY
•THE RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL (*)
•THE FACTORS CORRELATED TO THE SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM AND THEIR SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY
•CRITERIA TO EVALUATE THE SOIL QUALITY
•THE DETERMINANT FACTORS FOR THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, IN THE CONTEXT OF A SUSTAINABLE AND PRECISION FARMING
•ADVANCED AND INNOVATIVE TOPICS THROUGH SEMINARS HELD BY RESEARCHERS AND EXPERTS IN THE FIELD. (*)

THE PRINCIPAL SKILLS WILL BE:
•THE ABILITY TO IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE THE PARAMETERS CORRELATED TO THE ACTIVITY AND VITALITY OF THE SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM
•THE AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT IN DESIGNING AND MANAGING FIELD INTERVENTIONS
•THE CAPABILITY TO PROPOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE AND INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES TO STUDY, CONTROL AND EXPLOIT THE SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL
•THE APPLICATION OF ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE TO FORMULATE CRITIC JUDGMENTS AND COMMUNICATE, IN A CLEAR AND ARTICULATE WAY, THE ACHIEVED RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS TO BOTH SPECIALIZED AND NON-SPECIALIZED INTERLOCUTORS

(*) OBJECTIVES REACHED THROUGH SPECIAL LESSONS ONLY FOR STUDENTS OF “AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AN SOIL FERTILITY”

	Prerequisites
	THE COURSE DOES NOT REQUIRE ANY FORMAL PREREQUISITE.

	Contents
	CONTENTS FOR “AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL FERTILITY – 9 ETCS” LECTURES (52.5 HOURS, 7.5 ETCS), ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS: (3.5 HOURS, 0. 5 ETCS) •INTRODUCTION TO SOIL; QUALITY, FERTILITY AND VITALITY OF SOIL •PEDOSPHERE AND ELEMENTS COMPOSING THE LANDSCAPE •THE SOIL AS A TRIPHASIC SYSTEM (17.5 HOURS, 2.5 ETCS) •SOIL INORGANIC SOLID PHASE: OPRIMARY MINERALS: SILICATES (STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION; PHYLLOSILICATES PROPERTIES) AND NON-SILICATES (CARBONATES, PHOSPHATES, SULPHATES AND SULPIDES, HALIDES, OXIDES) OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON THE ROCK CYCLE AND THE PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC ROCKS OORIGIN OF SECONDARY MINERALS: PHYSICAL DISGREGATION AND CHEMICAL DECOMPOSITION/ALTERATION OF ROCKS AND MINERALS OCLAY MINERALS: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF PHYLLOSILICATES (STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION; ISOMORPHOUS SUBSTITUTION; IONIC EXCHANGE CAPACITY) AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION. OPERMANENT AND VARIABLE CHARGES. INTERACTION AND ADSORPTION MECHANISMS. CHARGE DISTRIBUTION ON THE LIQUID-SOLID INTERFACE. DIFFUSE DOUBLE LAYER. (10.5 HOURS, 1.5 ETCS) •SOLID ORGANIC SOIL PHASE: ORULE, FUNCTION AND MAIN PROPERTIES OMOST ABUNDANT MOLECULAR COMPONENTS OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON MICROBIOTA, PEDOFAUNA AND THEIR ROLE IN THE MINERALIZATION PROCESSES OSOIL ENZYMES OTHE RHIZOSPHERE AND ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON MYCORRHIZAL ASSOCIATIONS OHUMIC SUBSTANCES OMETHODS AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO EVALUATE THE SOIL ORGANIC MATTER OSOIL ORGANIC AMENDMENTS (7 HOURS, 1 ETCS) •LIQUID SOIL PHASE: OTHE CIRCULATING SOLUTION; THE SOIL HYDROLOGICAL CONSTANTS; SOIL-WATER POTENTIAL; WATER MOVEMENT IN SOIL •GASEOUS SOIL PHASE: OPROPERTIES OF SOIL AIR OAIR MOVEMENT IN SOIL OSOIL RESPIRATION OANOXIC CONDITIONS: REDOX POTENTIAL IN SOIL •PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL: POROSITY, DENSITY, TEXTURE, STRUCTURE, TEMPERATURE AND COLOR O (7 HOURS, 1 ETCS) •SOIL PH; SOIL EXCHANGE COMPLEX AND BASES SATURATION; ACID SOILS; NEUTRAL AND MODERATELY ALKALINE SOILS; ALKALINE SOILS; ROLE OF LIMESTONE; SOIL PH CORRECTION •SOIL SALINITY AND SODICITY; KERR AND GAPON EQUATIONS; EXCHANGEABLE SODIUM PERCENTAGE (ESP); ESP AND SALINITY DRIVEN SOIL CLASSIFICATION. •IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY (7 HOURS, 1 ETCS) •PEDOGENESIS AND THE FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION (CLIMATE, ORGANISMS, MOTHER ROCK, RELIEF AND TOPOGRAPHY, TIME). THE PEDOGENETIC PROCESSES. •CYCLE, AVAILABILITY AND DYNAMICS OF THE PRINCIPAL MACRO- AND MESONUTRIENTS IN SOIL (N, P, K, S, CA, AND MG). •QUALITY AND EROSION OF SOIL •SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS RELATED TO THE SOIL FERTILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PRECISION FARMING LECTURES BY EXTERNAL RESEARCHERS AND PROFESSORS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 CFU) MIDTERM EVALUATIONS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS) LABORATORY ACTIVITIES (6 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS) ______________________________________ CONTENTS FOR PEDOLOGY 6 ETCS: LECTURES (40 HOURS, 5 ETCS), ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS: (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •INTRODUCTION TO SOIL; IMPORTANCE, ROLE AND VITALITY OF SOIL •PEDOSPHERE AND ELEMENTS COMPOSING THE LANDSCAPE •THE SOIL AS A TRIPHASIC SYSTEM (14 HOURS, 1.75 ETCS) •SOIL INORGANIC SOLID PHASE: OPRIMARY MINERALS: SILICATES (STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION; PHYLLOSILICATES PROPERTIES) AND NON-SILICATES (CARBONATES, PHOSPHATES, SULPHATES AND SULPIDES, HALIDES, OXIDES) OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON THE ROCK CYCLE AND THE PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC ROCKS OORIGIN OF SECONDARY MINERALS: PHYSICAL DISGREGATION AND CHEMICAL DECOMPOSITION/ALTERATION OF ROCKS AND MINERALS OCLAY MINERALS: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF PHYLLOSILICATES (STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION; ISOMORPHOUS SUBSTITUTION; IONIC EXCHANGE CAPACITY) AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION. (8 HOURS, 1 ETCS) •SOLID ORGANIC SOIL PHASE: ORULE, FUNCTION AND MAIN PROPERTIES OMOST ABUNDANT MOLECULAR COMPONENTS OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON MICROBIOTA, PEDOFAUNA AND THEIR ROLE IN THE MINERALIZATION PROCESSES OHUMUS AND HUMIC SUBSTANCES (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •LIQUID SOIL PHASE: OTHE CIRCULATING SOLUTION; THE SOIL HYDROLOGICAL CONSTANTS; SOIL-WATER POTENTIAL; WATER MOVEMENT IN SOIL (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •GASEOUS SOIL PHASE: OPROPERTIES OF SOIL AIR OAIR MOVEMENT IN SOIL OSOIL RESPIRATION OANOXIC CONDITIONS: REDOX POTENTIAL IN SOIL (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •SOIL PH; ACID SOILS; NEUTRAL AND MODERATELY ALKALINE SOILS; ALKALINE SOILS •SOIL SALINITY; EXCHANGEABLE SODIUM PERCENTAGE (ESP); ESP AND SALINITY DRIVEN SOIL CLASSIFICATION. (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL: POROSITY, DENSITY, TEXTURE, STRUCTURE, TEMPERATURE AND COLOR (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •PEDOGENESIS AND THE FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION (CLIMATE, ORGANISMS, MOTHER ROCK, RELIEF AND TOPOGRAPHY, TIME). THE PEDOGENETIC PROCESSES. (2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS) •SOIL LIMESTONE •SOIL EROSION (4 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS) •PEDOCLIMATIC REGIMES •DIAGNOSTIC HORIZONS •SOIL TAXONOMY: THE 12 SOIL ORDERS AND THE MOST COMMON SUB-ORDERS EXCERCISES IN LABORATORY AND ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD (12 HOURS, 1 ETCS), ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS: ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD (6 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS): SOIL PROFILE IDENTIFICATION AND SAMPLING PROCEDURES POROSITY AND APPARENT DENSITY TEST WATER INFILTRATION TEST WATER CONTENT THROUGH THE TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY SOIL RESPIRATION EVALUATION THROUGH AUTOMATIC CHAMBER SOIL EVALUATION THROUGH ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION SYSTEM (EMI) ACTIVITIES IN LABORATORY (6 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS): TEXTURE SALINITY AND PH TOTAL LIMESTONE THROUGH THE DIETRICH-FRUHLING CALCIMETER

Contents

CONTENTS FOR “AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL FERTILITY – 9 ETCS”
LECTURES (52.5 HOURS, 7.5 ETCS), ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS:
(3.5 HOURS, 0. 5 ETCS)
•INTRODUCTION TO SOIL; QUALITY, FERTILITY AND VITALITY OF SOIL
•PEDOSPHERE AND ELEMENTS COMPOSING THE LANDSCAPE
•THE SOIL AS A TRIPHASIC SYSTEM
(17.5 HOURS, 2.5 ETCS)
•SOIL INORGANIC SOLID PHASE:
OPRIMARY MINERALS: SILICATES (STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION; PHYLLOSILICATES PROPERTIES) AND NON-SILICATES (CARBONATES, PHOSPHATES, SULPHATES AND SULPIDES, HALIDES, OXIDES)
OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON THE ROCK CYCLE AND THE PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC ROCKS
OORIGIN OF SECONDARY MINERALS: PHYSICAL DISGREGATION AND CHEMICAL DECOMPOSITION/ALTERATION OF ROCKS AND MINERALS
OCLAY MINERALS: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF PHYLLOSILICATES (STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION; ISOMORPHOUS SUBSTITUTION; IONIC EXCHANGE CAPACITY) AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION.
OPERMANENT AND VARIABLE CHARGES. INTERACTION AND ADSORPTION MECHANISMS. CHARGE DISTRIBUTION ON THE LIQUID-SOLID INTERFACE. DIFFUSE DOUBLE LAYER.
(10.5 HOURS, 1.5 ETCS)
•SOLID ORGANIC SOIL PHASE:
ORULE, FUNCTION AND MAIN PROPERTIES
OMOST ABUNDANT MOLECULAR COMPONENTS
OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON MICROBIOTA, PEDOFAUNA AND THEIR ROLE IN THE MINERALIZATION PROCESSES
OSOIL ENZYMES
OTHE RHIZOSPHERE AND ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON MYCORRHIZAL ASSOCIATIONS
OHUMIC SUBSTANCES
OMETHODS AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO EVALUATE THE SOIL ORGANIC MATTER
OSOIL ORGANIC AMENDMENTS
(7 HOURS, 1 ETCS)
•LIQUID SOIL PHASE:
OTHE CIRCULATING SOLUTION; THE SOIL HYDROLOGICAL CONSTANTS; SOIL-WATER POTENTIAL; WATER MOVEMENT IN SOIL
•GASEOUS SOIL PHASE:
OPROPERTIES OF SOIL AIR
OAIR MOVEMENT IN SOIL
OSOIL RESPIRATION
OANOXIC CONDITIONS: REDOX POTENTIAL IN SOIL
•PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL: POROSITY, DENSITY, TEXTURE, STRUCTURE, TEMPERATURE AND COLOR
O
(7 HOURS, 1 ETCS)
•SOIL PH; SOIL EXCHANGE COMPLEX AND BASES SATURATION; ACID SOILS; NEUTRAL AND MODERATELY ALKALINE SOILS; ALKALINE SOILS; ROLE OF LIMESTONE; SOIL PH CORRECTION
•SOIL SALINITY AND SODICITY; KERR AND GAPON EQUATIONS; EXCHANGEABLE SODIUM PERCENTAGE (ESP); ESP AND SALINITY DRIVEN SOIL CLASSIFICATION.
•IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY

(7 HOURS, 1 ETCS)
•PEDOGENESIS AND THE FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION (CLIMATE, ORGANISMS, MOTHER ROCK, RELIEF AND TOPOGRAPHY, TIME). THE PEDOGENETIC PROCESSES.
•CYCLE, AVAILABILITY AND DYNAMICS OF THE PRINCIPAL MACRO- AND MESONUTRIENTS IN SOIL (N, P, K, S, CA, AND MG).
•QUALITY AND EROSION OF SOIL
•SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS RELATED TO THE SOIL FERTILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PRECISION FARMING

LECTURES BY EXTERNAL RESEARCHERS AND PROFESSORS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 CFU)
MIDTERM EVALUATIONS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS)

LABORATORY ACTIVITIES (6 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS)
______________________________________

CONTENTS FOR PEDOLOGY 6 ETCS:
LECTURES (40 HOURS, 5 ETCS), ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS:
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•INTRODUCTION TO SOIL; IMPORTANCE, ROLE AND VITALITY OF SOIL
•PEDOSPHERE AND ELEMENTS COMPOSING THE LANDSCAPE
•THE SOIL AS A TRIPHASIC SYSTEM
(14 HOURS, 1.75 ETCS)
•SOIL INORGANIC SOLID PHASE:
OPRIMARY MINERALS: SILICATES (STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION; PHYLLOSILICATES PROPERTIES) AND NON-SILICATES (CARBONATES, PHOSPHATES, SULPHATES AND SULPIDES, HALIDES, OXIDES)
OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON THE ROCK CYCLE AND THE PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC ROCKS
OORIGIN OF SECONDARY MINERALS: PHYSICAL DISGREGATION AND CHEMICAL DECOMPOSITION/ALTERATION OF ROCKS AND MINERALS
OCLAY MINERALS: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF PHYLLOSILICATES (STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION; ISOMORPHOUS SUBSTITUTION; IONIC EXCHANGE CAPACITY) AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION.
(8 HOURS, 1 ETCS)
•SOLID ORGANIC SOIL PHASE:
ORULE, FUNCTION AND MAIN PROPERTIES
OMOST ABUNDANT MOLECULAR COMPONENTS
OESSENTIAL CONCEPTS ON MICROBIOTA, PEDOFAUNA AND THEIR ROLE IN THE MINERALIZATION PROCESSES
OHUMUS AND HUMIC SUBSTANCES
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•LIQUID SOIL PHASE:
OTHE CIRCULATING SOLUTION; THE SOIL HYDROLOGICAL CONSTANTS; SOIL-WATER POTENTIAL; WATER MOVEMENT IN SOIL
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•GASEOUS SOIL PHASE:
OPROPERTIES OF SOIL AIR
OAIR MOVEMENT IN SOIL
OSOIL RESPIRATION
OANOXIC CONDITIONS: REDOX POTENTIAL IN SOIL
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•SOIL PH; ACID SOILS; NEUTRAL AND MODERATELY ALKALINE SOILS; ALKALINE SOILS
•SOIL SALINITY; EXCHANGEABLE SODIUM PERCENTAGE (ESP); ESP AND SALINITY DRIVEN SOIL CLASSIFICATION.
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL: POROSITY, DENSITY, TEXTURE, STRUCTURE, TEMPERATURE AND COLOR
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•PEDOGENESIS AND THE FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION (CLIMATE, ORGANISMS, MOTHER ROCK, RELIEF AND TOPOGRAPHY, TIME). THE PEDOGENETIC PROCESSES.
(2 HOURS, 0.25 ETCS)
•SOIL LIMESTONE
•SOIL EROSION

(4 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS)
•PEDOCLIMATIC REGIMES
•DIAGNOSTIC HORIZONS
•SOIL TAXONOMY: THE 12 SOIL ORDERS AND THE MOST COMMON SUB-ORDERS

EXCERCISES IN LABORATORY AND ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD (12 HOURS, 1 ETCS), ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS:
ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD (6 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS):
SOIL PROFILE IDENTIFICATION AND SAMPLING PROCEDURES
POROSITY AND APPARENT DENSITY TEST
WATER INFILTRATION TEST
WATER CONTENT THROUGH THE TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY
SOIL RESPIRATION EVALUATION THROUGH AUTOMATIC CHAMBER
SOIL EVALUATION THROUGH ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION SYSTEM (EMI)
ACTIVITIES IN LABORATORY (6 HOURS, 0.5 ETCS):
TEXTURE
SALINITY AND PH
TOTAL LIMESTONE THROUGH THE DIETRICH-FRUHLING CALCIMETER

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE “AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL FERTILITY” CONSISTS IN: •EX CATHEDRA LESSONS PERFORMED THROUGH THE USE OF PROJECTIONS AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA DIDACTIC MATERIALS AND TOOLS (52.5 HOURS, 7.5 CFU) •CLASSROOM EXERCISES AIMED TO PROMOTE THE COMPREHENSION OF SPECIFIC ARGUMENTS (7 HOURS, 0.5 CFU) •IN-DEPTH SEMINARS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 CFU) - MIDTERM EVALUATIONS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 CFU) ____________________________________________ THE PEDOLOGY “COURSE” PROVIDES 52 HOURS OF DIDACTICS, INCLUDING LESSONS AND PRACTICES (6 CFU). IN PARTICULAR, 5 CFU (40 HOURS) OF CLASS LESSONS AND 1 CFU (12 HOURS) OF PRACTICES IN FIELD ARE PROVIDED. THE COURSE IS ORGANIZED IN THE FOLLOWING WAY: - LESSONS IN CLASSROOM ON ALL THE TOPICS OF THE COURSE; - PRACTICES IN FIELD AND IN LABORATORY

Teaching Methods

THE COURSE “AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL FERTILITY” CONSISTS IN:
•EX CATHEDRA LESSONS PERFORMED THROUGH THE USE OF PROJECTIONS AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA DIDACTIC MATERIALS AND TOOLS (52.5 HOURS, 7.5 CFU)
•CLASSROOM EXERCISES AIMED TO PROMOTE THE COMPREHENSION OF SPECIFIC ARGUMENTS (7 HOURS, 0.5 CFU)
•IN-DEPTH SEMINARS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 CFU)
- MIDTERM EVALUATIONS (3.5 HOURS, 0.5 CFU)
____________________________________________

THE PEDOLOGY “COURSE” PROVIDES 52 HOURS OF DIDACTICS, INCLUDING LESSONS AND PRACTICES (6 CFU). IN PARTICULAR, 5 CFU (40 HOURS) OF CLASS LESSONS AND 1 CFU (12 HOURS) OF PRACTICES IN FIELD ARE PROVIDED.
THE COURSE IS ORGANIZED IN THE FOLLOWING WAY:
- LESSONS IN CLASSROOM ON ALL THE TOPICS OF THE COURSE;
- PRACTICES IN FIELD AND IN LABORATORY

	Verification of learning
	THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE TEACHING OBJECTIVES IS CERTIFIED BY PASSING THE FINAL EXAM WITH A GRADE RANGING WITHIN 18 AND 30. SPECIFICALLY, THE EXAM CONSISTS IN AN ORAL INTERVIEW FOCUSING ON THE CONTENTS OF THE WHOLE PROGRAM AND AIMING TO ASCERTAIN THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL AND THE COMPREHENSION CAPABILITY. THE MINIMUM GRADE (18) IS ASSIGNED IN CASE THE STUDENT REVEALS A FRAGMENTED KNOWLEDGE OF THE THEORETICAL CONTENTS AND SHOWS A LIMITED ABILITY TO APPLY THEM TO THE STUDY CONTEXT. THE MAXIMUM GRADE (30) IS ATTRIBUTED IN CASE THE STUDENT PROVES A COMPLETE AND IN-DEPTH KNOWLEDGE OF STUDIED CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGIES. THE CUM LAUDE GRADE IS ASSIGNED IN CASE THE CANDIDATE PROVES AN EXCELLENT MASTERY OF STUDIED CONCEPTS AS WELL AS A RELEVANT PROPERTY OF LANGUAGE AND THE CAPABILITY TO CARRY OUT AUTONOMOUS ELABORATIONS ALSO IN CONTEXTS DIFFERENT THAN THOSE PROPOSED BY THE PROFESSOR.

Verification of learning

THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE TEACHING OBJECTIVES IS CERTIFIED BY PASSING THE FINAL EXAM WITH A GRADE RANGING WITHIN 18 AND 30. SPECIFICALLY, THE EXAM CONSISTS IN AN ORAL INTERVIEW FOCUSING ON THE CONTENTS OF THE WHOLE PROGRAM AND AIMING TO ASCERTAIN THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL AND THE COMPREHENSION CAPABILITY. THE MINIMUM GRADE (18) IS ASSIGNED IN CASE THE STUDENT REVEALS A FRAGMENTED KNOWLEDGE OF THE THEORETICAL CONTENTS AND SHOWS A LIMITED ABILITY TO APPLY THEM TO THE STUDY CONTEXT. THE MAXIMUM GRADE (30) IS ATTRIBUTED IN CASE THE STUDENT PROVES A COMPLETE AND IN-DEPTH KNOWLEDGE OF STUDIED CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGIES. THE CUM LAUDE GRADE IS ASSIGNED IN CASE THE CANDIDATE PROVES AN EXCELLENT MASTERY OF STUDIED CONCEPTS AS WELL AS A RELEVANT PROPERTY OF LANGUAGE AND THE CAPABILITY TO CARRY OUT AUTONOMOUS ELABORATIONS ALSO IN CONTEXTS DIFFERENT THAN THOSE PROPOSED BY THE PROFESSOR.

	Texts
	"AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL FERTILITY" REFERENCE BOOK VIOLANTE P, 2013. CHIMICA E FERTILITÀ DEL SUOLO. EDAGRICOLE - NEW BUSINESS MEDIA, MILANO, ISBN 9788850654178 FURTHER MATERIAL: SLIDES PROVIDED BY THE PROFESSOR; IN-DEEP BOOKS SEQUI P, 2017. FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA DEL SUOLO. PATRON EDITORE, BOLOGNA, , ISBN 9788855533621 WEIL R. R. BRADLEY N. C. 2016. THE NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF SOILS, GLOBAL EDITION (INGLESE). PEARSON EDUCATION. ISBN-10: 1292162236 STRAWN D G, BON H L, O’CONNOR G A, 2015. SOIL CHEMISTRY (IV EDITION). WILEY BLACKWELL - OXFORD (UK), ISBN 978-1118629239 WHITE R E, 1997. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SOIL SCIENC1E. THE SOIL AS A NATURAL RESOURCE. BLACKWELL SCIENCE - OXFORD (UK); ISBN 978-0632064557 "PEDOLOGY" REFERENCE BOOK CERTINI G. UGOLINI F. C. 2010. BASI DI PEDOLOGIA, EDAGRICOLE-NEW BUSINESS MEDIA. ISBN-10: 8850652860 FURTHER MATERIAL MATERIALE DIDATTICO PRODOTTO DAL DOCENTE. GUIDO SANESI. 2000. ELEMENTI DI PEDOLOGIA: I SUOLI, LORO PROPRIETÀ, GESTIONE E RELAZIONI CON L'AMBIENTE. CALDERINI EDAGRICOLE, BOLOGNA. ISBN: 8820645513 – VIII 390 PP. DANIEL G. STRAWN, HINRICH L. BOHN, GEORGE A. O'CONNOR. 2015. SOIL CHEMISTRY - 4TH EDITION. WILEY BLACKWELL ISBN-13: 978-1118629239

Texts

"AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL FERTILITY"

REFERENCE BOOK
VIOLANTE P, 2013. CHIMICA E FERTILITÀ DEL SUOLO. EDAGRICOLE - NEW BUSINESS MEDIA, MILANO, ISBN 9788850654178

FURTHER MATERIAL:
SLIDES PROVIDED BY THE PROFESSOR;

IN-DEEP BOOKS
SEQUI P, 2017. FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA DEL SUOLO. PATRON EDITORE, BOLOGNA, , ISBN 9788855533621
WEIL R. R. BRADLEY N. C. 2016. THE NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF SOILS, GLOBAL EDITION (INGLESE). PEARSON EDUCATION. ISBN-10: 1292162236
STRAWN D G, BON H L, O’CONNOR G A, 2015. SOIL CHEMISTRY (IV EDITION). WILEY BLACKWELL - OXFORD (UK), ISBN 978-1118629239
WHITE R E, 1997. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SOIL SCIENC1E. THE SOIL AS A NATURAL RESOURCE. BLACKWELL SCIENCE - OXFORD (UK); ISBN 978-0632064557

"PEDOLOGY"

REFERENCE BOOK
CERTINI G. UGOLINI F. C. 2010. BASI DI PEDOLOGIA, EDAGRICOLE-NEW BUSINESS MEDIA. ISBN-10: 8850652860

FURTHER MATERIAL
MATERIALE DIDATTICO PRODOTTO DAL DOCENTE.

GUIDO SANESI. 2000. ELEMENTI DI PEDOLOGIA: I SUOLI, LORO PROPRIETÀ, GESTIONE E RELAZIONI CON L'AMBIENTE. CALDERINI EDAGRICOLE, BOLOGNA. ISBN: 8820645513 – VIII 390 PP.
DANIEL G. STRAWN, HINRICH L. BOHN, GEORGE A. O'CONNOR. 2015. SOIL CHEMISTRY - 4TH EDITION. WILEY BLACKWELL ISBN-13: 978-1118629239

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